©2021 LoRaAlliance ®
Page 1 of 94
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
1
Copyright © 2021 LoRa Alliance, Inc. All rights reserved.
2
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NOTICE OF USE AND DISCLOSURE
4
Copyright © LoRa Alliance, Inc. (2021). All Rights Reserved.
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The information within this document is the property of the LoRa Alliance (“The Alliance”) and its use and
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disclosure are subject to LoRa Alliance Corporate Bylaws, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy and
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Membership Agreements.
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Elements of LoRa Alliance specifications may be subject to third party intellectual property rights, including
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without limitation, patent, copyright or trademark rights (such a third party may or may not be a member of LoRa
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Alliance). The Alliance is not responsible and shall not be held responsible in any manner for identifying or failing
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LoRa Alliance, Inc.
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LoRa Alliance® and LoRaWAN® are trademarks of the LoRa Alliance, used by permission. All company, brand
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and product names may be trademarks that are the sole property of their respective owners.
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37
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
38
39
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional
40
Parameters
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This document is a companion document to the LoRaWAN® protocol specification
43
44
Authored by the LoRa Alliance Technical Committee Regional Parameters Workgroup
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46
Technical Committee Chair:
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A.YEGIN (Actility)
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Technical Committee Vice-Chair:
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O.SELLER (Semtech)
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Working Group Chair:
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D.KJENDAL (Senet)
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54
Editor:
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D.KJENDAL (Senet)
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57
Contributors (in alphabetical order):
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J.CATALANO (Kerlink), I.DI GIUSTO (Ventia), P.DUFFY (Cisco), Y.GAUDIN (Kerlink),
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M.GILBERT (Kerlink), R.GILSON (Comcast), D.HUNT (LoRa Alliance), R.HUSSON
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(Bouygues), J.JONGBOOM (arm), D.KJENDAL (Senet), J.KNAPP (Semtech),
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S.LEBRETON (Semtech), M.LEGOURRIEREC (Sagemcom), M.LUIS (Semtech),
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B.PARATTE (Semtech), D.SMITH (Multitech), N.SORNIN (Semtech), R.SOSS (Actility),
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P.STRUHSAKER (Carnegie Tech), Z.TAO (Alibaba), D.THOLL (Tektelic), P.THOMSEN
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(OrbiWise), A.YEGIN (Actility), X.YU (Alibaba), D.YUMING (ZTE)
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Version: RP002-1.0.3
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Date: May 5, 2021
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Status: FINAL
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RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Contents
70
1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 7
71
1.1 Conventions ............................................................................................................. 8
72
1.2 Country Cross Reference Table ............................................................................... 8
73
1.3 Regional Parameters Summary Table .................................................................... 21
74
1.3.1 Dynamic Channel Plan Regions ....................................................................... 21
75
1.3.2 Fixed Channel Plan Regions ............................................................................ 22
76
2 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters ............................................................................. 23
77
2.1 Regional Parameter Channel Plan Common Names .............................................. 23
78
2.2 Regional Parameter Revision Names ..................................................................... 23
79
2.3 Default Settings ...................................................................................................... 23
80
2.4 EU863-870 MHz Band ........................................................................................... 25
81
2.4.1 EU863-870 Preamble Format ........................................................................... 25
82
2.4.2 EU863-870 Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 25
83
2.4.3 EU863-870 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding ....................... 26
84
2.4.4 EU863-870 Join-Accept CFList ........................................................................ 27
85
2.4.5 EU863-870 LinkAdrReq command ................................................................... 27
86
2.4.6 EU863-870 Maximum payload size .................................................................. 28
87
2.4.7 EU863-870 Receive windows ........................................................................... 29
88
2.4.8 EU863-870 Class B beacon and default downlink channel ............................... 29
89
2.4.9 EU863-870 Default Settings ............................................................................. 29
90
2.5 US902-928 MHz ISM Band .................................................................................... 30
91
2.5.1 US902-928 Preamble Format ........................................................................... 30
92
2.5.2 US902-928 Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 30
93
2.5.3 US902-928 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding ....................... 31
94
2.5.4 US902-928 Join-Accept CFList ........................................................................ 32
95
2.5.5 US902-928 LinkAdrReq command ................................................................... 33
96
2.5.6 US902-928 Maximum payload size .................................................................. 34
97
2.5.7 US902-928 Receive windows ........................................................................... 34
98
2.5.8 US902-928 Class B beacon ............................................................................. 35
99
2.5.9 US902-928 Default Settings ............................................................................. 36
100
2.6 CN779-787 MHz Band ........................................................................................... 37
101
2.6.1 CN779-787 Preamble Format ........................................................................... 37
102
2.6.2 CN779-787 Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 37
103
2.6.3 CN779-787 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding ....................... 37
104
2.6.4 CN779-787 Join-Accept CFList ........................................................................ 38
105
2.6.5 CN779-787 LinkAdrReq command ................................................................... 39
106
2.6.6 CN779-787 Maximum payload size .................................................................. 39
107
2.6.7 CN779-787 Receive windows ........................................................................... 40
108
2.6.8 CN779-787 Class B beacon and default downlink channel ............................... 40
109
2.6.9 CN779-787 Default Settings ............................................................................. 41
110
2.7 EU433 MHz ISM Band ........................................................................................... 42
111
2.7.1 EU433 Preamble Format .................................................................................. 42
112
2.7.2 EU433 ISM Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 42
113
2.7.3 EU433 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding .............................. 42
114
2.7.4 EU433 Join-Accept CFList ............................................................................... 43
115
2.7.5 EU433 LinkAdrReq command .......................................................................... 44
116
2.7.6 EU433 Maximum payload size ......................................................................... 44
117
2.7.7 EU433 Receive windows .................................................................................. 45
118
2.7.8 EU433 Class B beacon and default downlink channel ...................................... 45
119
2.7.9 EU433 Default Settings .................................................................................... 46
120
2.8 AU915-928 MHz Band ........................................................................................... 47
121
2.8.1 AU915-928 Preamble Format ........................................................................... 47
122
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.8.2 AU915-928 Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 47
123
2.8.3 AU915-928 Data Rate and End-point Output Power encoding ......................... 48
124
2.8.4 AU915-928 Join-Accept CFList ........................................................................ 49
125
2.8.5 AU915-928 LinkAdrReq command ................................................................... 50
126
2.8.6 AU915-928 Maximum payload size .................................................................. 50
127
2.8.7 AU915-928 Receive windows ........................................................................... 51
128
2.8.8 AU915-928 Class B beacon ............................................................................. 52
129
2.8.9 AU915-928 Default Settings ............................................................................. 52
130
2.9 CN470-510 MHz Band ........................................................................................... 53
131
2.9.1 CN470-510 Preamble Format ........................................................................... 53
132
2.9.2 CN470-510 Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 53
133
2.9.3 CN470-510 Data Rate and End-point Output Power encoding ......................... 56
134
2.9.4 CN470-510 Join-Accept CFList ........................................................................ 57
135
2.9.5 CN470-510 LinkAdrReq command ................................................................... 57
136
2.9.6 CN470-510 Maximum payload size .................................................................. 58
137
2.9.7 CN470-510 Receive windows ........................................................................... 59
138
2.9.8 CN470-510 Class B beacon ............................................................................. 60
139
2.9.9 CN470-510 Default Settings ............................................................................. 62
140
2.10 AS923 MHz Band................................................................................................... 63
141
2.10.1 AS923 Preamble Format .................................................................................. 63
142
2.10.2 AS923 Band Channel Frequencies................................................................... 63
143
2.10.3 AS923 Data Rate and End-point Output Power encoding ................................. 64
144
2.10.4 AS923 Join-Accept CFList ................................................................................ 65
145
2.10.5 AS923 LinkAdrReq command .......................................................................... 66
146
2.10.6 AS923 Maximum payload size ......................................................................... 66
147
2.10.7 AS923 Receive windows .................................................................................. 67
148
2.10.8 AS923 Class B beacon and default downlink channel ...................................... 68
149
2.10.9 AS923 Default Settings .................................................................................... 68
150
2.11 KR920-923 MHz Band ........................................................................................... 70
151
2.11.1 KR920-923 Preamble Format ........................................................................... 70
152
2.11.2 KR920-923 Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 70
153
2.11.3 KR920-923 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding ....................... 71
154
2.11.4 KR920-923 Join-Accept CFList ........................................................................ 72
155
2.11.5 KR920-923 LinkAdrReq command ................................................................... 73
156
2.11.6 KR920-923 Maximum payload size .................................................................. 73
157
2.11.7 KR920-923 Receive windows ........................................................................... 74
158
2.11.8 KR920-923 Class B beacon and default downlink channel ............................... 74
159
2.11.9 KR920-923 Default Settings ............................................................................. 74
160
2.12 IN865-867 MHz Band ............................................................................................. 75
161
2.12.1 IN865-867 Preamble Format ............................................................................ 75
162
2.12.2 IN865-867 Band Channel Frequencies ............................................................. 75
163
2.12.3 IN865-867 Data Rate and End-device Output Power Encoding ........................ 75
164
2.12.4 IN865-867 Join-Accept CFList .......................................................................... 77
165
2.12.5 IN865-867 LinkAdrReq command .................................................................... 77
166
2.12.6 IN865-867 Maximum payload size.................................................................... 78
167
2.12.7 IN865-867 Receive windows ............................................................................ 78
168
2.12.8 IN865-867 Class B beacon and default downlink channel ................................ 79
169
2.12.9 IN865-867 Default Settings .............................................................................. 79
170
2.13 RU864-870 MHz Band ........................................................................................... 80
171
2.13.1 RU864-870 Preamble Format ........................................................................... 80
172
2.13.2 RU864-870 Band Channel Frequencies ........................................................... 80
173
2.13.3 RU864-870 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding ....................... 80
174
2.13.4 RU864-870 Join-Accept CFList ........................................................................ 82
175
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.13.5 RU864-870 LinkAdrReq command ................................................................... 82
176
2.13.6 RU864-870 Maximum payload size .................................................................. 82
177
2.13.7 RU864-870 Receive windows ........................................................................... 83
178
2.13.8 RU864-870 Class B beacon and default downlink channel ............................... 84
179
2.13.9 RU864-870 Default Settings ............................................................................. 84
180
3 Repeaters .................................................................................................................. 85
181
3.1 Repeater Compatible Maximum Payload Size ....................................................... 85
182
4 Physical layer ............................................................................................................. 86
183
4.1 LoRa™ description ................................................................................................. 86
184
4.1.1 LoRa™ packet physical structure ..................................................................... 86
185
4.1.2 LoRa™ settings ................................................................................................ 86
186
4.2 FSK description ...................................................................................................... 86
187
4.2.1 FSK packet physical structure .......................................................................... 86
188
4.2.2 FSK settings ..................................................................................................... 87
189
4.3 LR-FHSS description ............................................................................................. 87
190
4.3.1 LR-FHSS physical layer description ................................................................. 87
191
4.3.2 LR-FHSS packet physical structure .................................................................. 88
192
4.3.3 LR-FHSS PHY layer settings ............................................................................ 88
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5 Revisions ................................................................................................................... 90
194
5.1 Revision RP002-1.0.3 ............................................................................................ 90
195
5.2 Revision RP002-1.0.2 ............................................................................................ 90
196
5.3 Revision RP002-1.0.1 ............................................................................................ 90
197
5.4 Revision RP002-1.0.0 ............................................................................................ 91
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6 Bibliography ............................................................................................................... 93
199
6.1 References............................................................................................................. 93
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7 NOTICE OF USE AND DISCLOSURE ....................................................................... 94
201
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Tables
203
Table 1: Channel Plan per ISO 3166-1 Country .................................................................. 20
204
Table 2 - Dynamic Channel Plans Summary ....................................................................... 21
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Table 3 - Fixed Channel Plans Summary ............................................................................ 22
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Table 4 Regional Parameter Common Names .................................................................... 23
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Table 5 Regional Parameter Revision Names ..................................................................... 23
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Table 6: EU863-870 default channels ................................................................................. 25
209
Table 7: EU863-870 Join-Request Channel List .................................................................. 25
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Table 8: EU863-870 TX DataRate table .............................................................................. 26
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Table 9: EU868-870 Data Rate Backoff table ...................................................................... 26
212
Table 10: EU863-870 TX power table ................................................................................. 27
213
Table 11: EU863-870 ChMaskCntl value table .................................................................... 28
214
Table 12: EU863-870 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) ................................... 28
215
Table 13 : EU863-870 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible) ............................ 29
216
Table 14: EU863-870 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ...................................................... 29
217
Table 15: EU863-870 beacon settings ................................................................................ 29
218
Table 16: US902-928 TX DataRate table ............................................................................ 32
219
Table 17: US902-928 Data Rate Backoff table .................................................................... 32
220
Table 18: US902-928 TX power table ................................................................................. 32
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Table 19: US902-928 ChMaskCntl value table .................................................................... 33
222
Table 20: US902-928 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) ................................... 34
223
Table 21 : US902-928 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible) ............................ 34
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Table 22: US902-928 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ...................................................... 35
225
Table 23: US902-928 beacon settings ................................................................................ 35
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RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Table 24: US902-928 Beacon Channels ............................................................................. 36
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Table 25: CN779-787 Join-Request Channel List ............................................................... 37
228
Table 26: CN779-787 Data rate and TX power table ........................................................... 38
229
Table 27: CN779-787 Data Rate Backoff table.................................................................... 38
230
Table 28: CN779-787 ChMaskCntl value table.................................................................... 39
231
Table 29: CN779-787 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) .................................. 40
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Table 30 : CN779-787 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)............................ 40
233
Table 31: CN779-787 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ...................................................... 40
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Table 32: CN779-787 beacon settings ................................................................................ 40
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Table 33: EU433 Join-Request Channel List ....................................................................... 42
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Table 34: EU433 Data rate and TX power table .................................................................. 43
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Table 35: EU433 Data Rate Backoff table ........................................................................... 43
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Table 36: EU433 ChMaskCntl value table ........................................................................... 44
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Table 37: EU433 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) .......................................... 45
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Table 38 : EU433 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible) ................................... 45
241
Table 39 : EU433 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ............................................................ 45
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Table 40 : EU433 beacon settings ...................................................................................... 45
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Table 41: AU915-928 DataRate table ................................................................................. 49
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Table 42: AU915-928 Data Rate Backoff table .................................................................... 49
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Table 43 : AU915-928 TX power table ................................................................................ 49
246
Table 44: AU915-928 ChMaskCntl value table .................................................................... 50
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Table 45: AU915-928 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) ................................... 51
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Table 46: AU915-928 Maximum repeater payload size ....................................................... 51
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Table 47 : AU915-928 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ..................................................... 51
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Table 48 : AU915-928 beacon settings ............................................................................... 52
251
Table 49: Common join channels for CN470-510 channel frequencies ............................... 54
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Table 50: channel plan type A for 20MHz antenna channel frequencies ............................. 54
253
Table 51: channel plan type B for 20MHz antenna channel frequencies ............................. 55
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Table 52: channel plan type A for 26MHz antenna channel frequencies ............................. 55
255
Table 53: channel plan type B for 26MHz antenna channel frequencies ............................. 55
256
Table 54: CN470-510 Data rate and TX power table ........................................................... 56
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Table 55: CN470-510 Data Rate Backoff table.................................................................... 56
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Table 56:CH470 ChMaskCntl value table for 20M Antenna................................................. 57
259
Table 57: CH470 ChMaskCntl value table for 26M Antenna................................................ 58
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Table 58: CN470-510 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) .................................. 58
261
Table 59: CN470-510 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)............................. 59
262
Table 60: CN470-510 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ...................................................... 59
263
Table 61: RX2 Default Frequency for channel plan type A for 20 MHz antenna .................. 59
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Table 62: RX2 Default Frequency for channel plan type B for 20 MHz antenna .................. 60
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Table 63 : CN470-510 beacon settings ............................................................................... 60
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Table 64: Beacon Channel Number for channel plan type A for 20 MHz antenna ............... 60
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Table 65: Ping-slot Channel Number for channel plan type A for 20 MHz antenna ............ 61
268
Table 66: Beacon Channel Number for channel plan type B for 20 MHz antenna ............... 61
269
Table 67: Ping-slot Channel Number for channel plan type B for 20MHz antenna .............. 62
270
Table 68: AS923 default channels....................................................................................... 63
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Table 69: AS923 Join-Request Channel List ....................................................................... 64
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Table 70: AS923 Data rate table ......................................................................................... 64
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Table 71: AS923 Data Rate Backoff table ........................................................................... 65
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Table 72: AS923 TXPower table ......................................................................................... 65
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Table 73: AS923 ChMaskCntl value table ........................................................................... 66
276
Table 74: AS923 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) .......................................... 66
277
Table 75: AS923 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible) .................................... 67
278
Table 76: AS923 downlink RX1 data rate mapping for DownLinkDwellTime = 0 ................. 67
279
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Table 77: AS923 downlink RX1 data rate mapping for DownLinkDwellTime =1 .................. 68
280
Table 78 : AS923 beacon settings....................................................................................... 68
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Table 79: KR920-923 Center frequency, bandwidth, maximum EIRP output power table ... 70
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Table 80: KR920-923 default channels ............................................................................... 70
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Table 81: KR920-923 Join-Request Channel List ................................................................ 71
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Table 82: KR920-923 TX Data rate table ............................................................................ 71
285
Table 83: KR920-923 Data Rate Backoff table .................................................................... 72
286
Table 84: KR920-923 TX power table ................................................................................. 72
287
Table 85: KR920-923 ChMaskCntl value table .................................................................... 73
288
Table 86: KR920-923 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) ................................... 73
289
Table 87 : KR920-923 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible) ............................ 74
290
Table 88 : KR920-923 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ..................................................... 74
291
Table 89 : KR920-923 beacon settings ............................................................................... 74
292
Table 90: IN865-867 default channels ................................................................................. 75
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Table 91: IN865-867 Join-Request Channel List ................................................................. 75
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Table 92: IN865-867 TX Data rate table .............................................................................. 76
295
Table 93: IN865-867 DataRate Backoff table ...................................................................... 76
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Table 94: IN865-867 TXPower table ................................................................................... 76
297
Table 95: IN865-867 ChMaskCntl value table ..................................................................... 77
298
Table 96: IN865-867 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) .................................... 78
299
Table 97 : IN865-867 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible) ............................. 78
300
Table 98: IN865-867 downlink RX1 data rate mapping ....................................................... 79
301
Table 99: RU864-870 default channels ............................................................................... 80
302
Table 100: RU864-870 Join-Request Channel List ............................................................. 80
303
Table 101: RU864-870 TX Data rate table .......................................................................... 81
304
Table 102: RU864-870 Data Rate Backoff table .................................................................. 81
305
Table 103: RU864-870 TX power table ............................................................................... 81
306
Table 104: RU864-870 ChMaskCntl value table .................................................................. 82
307
Table 105: RU864-870 maximum payload size (repeater compatible) ................................ 83
308
Table 106 : RU864-870 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible) .......................... 83
309
Table 107: RU864-870 downlink RX1 data rate mapping .................................................... 83
310
Table 108: RU864-870 beacon settings .............................................................................. 84
311
Table 109 : LoRa physical layer settings ............................................................................. 86
312
Table 110 : FSK physical layer settings .............................................................................. 87
313
Table 111 : LR-FHSS physical layer description ................................................................. 88
314
Table 112 : LR-FHSS physical layer settings ...................................................................... 89
315
316
Figures
317
Figure 1: US902-928 channel frequencies .......................................................................... 30
318
Figure 2: AU915-928 channel frequencies .......................................................................... 47
319
Figure 3: LoRa PHY structure ............................................................................................. 86
320
Figure 4: FSK PHY structure ............................................................................................... 87
321
Figure 5: LR-FHSS Packet Structure .................................................................................. 88
322
Figure 6 : LR-FHSS time-on-air ........................................................................................... 88
323
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1 Introduction
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This document describes the LoRaWAN® regional parameters for different regulatory regions
327
worldwide. This document is a companion document to the various versions of the
328
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
LoRaWAN® MAC Layer Protocol Specification [TS001]. Separating the regional parameters
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from the protocol specification allows addition of new regions to the former without impacting
330
the latter document.
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This document combines regional parameters aspects defined in all LoRaWAN® protocol
333
specifications, with differences arising from LoRaWAN® versions highlighted at each
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occurrence.
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Where various attributes of a LoRa transmission signal are stated with regard to a region or
337
regulatory environment, this document is not intended to be an authoritative source of regional
338
governmental requirements and we refer the reader to the specific laws and regulations of the
339
country or region in which they desire to operate to obtain authoritative information.
340
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It must be noted here that, regardless of the specifications provided, at no time is any
342
LoRaWAN® equipment allowed to operate in a manner contrary to the prevailing local rules
343
and regulations where it is expected to operate. It is the responsibility of the LoRaWAN® end-
344
device to ensure that compliant operation is maintained without any outside assistance from
345
a LoRaWAN® network or any other mechanism.
346
1.1 Conventions
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The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
349
"SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL"
350
in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when,
351
and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
352
353
The tables in this document are normative. The figures in this document are informative. The
354
notes in this document are informative.
355
1.2 Country Cross Reference Table
356
In order to support the identification of LoRaWAN® channel plans for a given country, the
357
table below provides a quick reference of unlicensed frequency bands and suggested channel
358
plans available to implementors for each country.
359
Please note that countries listed using italic font are expected to have changes made to their
360
local regulations and thus the specified channel plan may change.
361
The table also provides an indication of the existence of known end devices that are
362
LoRaWAN® certified with Regulatory Type Approval in the given country.
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364
365
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
ISO 3166-1 Country name
(Code alpha-2)
Band / channels
Channel Plan
LoRaWAN®
Certified
devices with
Regulatory
Type
Approval
Afghanistan (AF)
Aland Islands (AX)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Albania (AL)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Algeria (DZ)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
870-876 MHz
880-885 MHz
915 – 921 MHz
AS923-3
925 – 926 MHz
American Samoa (AS)
902 - 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
Andorra (AD)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Angola (AO)
Anguilla (AI)
915 - 928 MHz2
AU915-9283
Antarctica (AQ)
Antigua and Barbuda (AG)
Argentina (AR)
915 - 928 MHz2
AU915-928
Armenia (AM)
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
Aruba (AW)
Australia (AU)
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
X
AU915-928
X
Austria (AT)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Azerbaijan (AZ)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 – 868.6 MHz
868.7 – 869.2 MHz
Bahamas (BS)
902 – 928 MHz
US902-9281
Bahrain (BH)
433 – 434 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Bangladesh (BD)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
866 - 868 MHz
1
AU915-928 also applies to this band
2
Regulations imply 902-928 MHz, but only 915-928 MHz is available
3
AS923-1 also applies to this band
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
922 - 925.0 MHz
AS923-1
Barbados (BB)
902 - 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Belarus (BY)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
864.4 - 868.6 MHz
EU863-870
869-869.2 MHz
EU863-870
869.4 – 869.65 MHz
EU863-870
869.7 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Belgium (BE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Belize (BZ)
902 - 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Benin (BJ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Bermuda (BM)
902 - 928 MHz
US902-9281
Bhutan (BT)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Bolivia (BO)
915 - 930 MHz
AU915-9283
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and
Saba (BQ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Bosnia and Herzegovina (BA)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Botswana (BW)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
862 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Bouvet Island (BV)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Brazil (BR)
902 - 907.5 MHz
915 - 928 MHz
AU915-928
433 - 435 MHz
EU433
British Indian Ocean
Territory (IO)
Brunei Darussalam (BN)
866 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
920 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
433 - 435 MHz
EU433
Bulgaria (BG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Burundi (BI)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Burkina Faso (BF)
Cabo Verde (CV)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Cambodia (KH)
866 - 869 MHz
EU863-870
923 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
4
US902-928 also applies to this band
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Cameroon (CM)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
Canada (CA)
902 - 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
Central African Republic (CF)
Chad (TD)
Chile (CL)
433 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
915 - 928MHz2
AU915-9283
China (CN)
920.5 - 924.5 MHz
779 - 787 MHz5
CN779-787
470 - 510 MHz
CN470-510
314 - 316 MHz
430 - 432 MHz
840 - 845 MHz
Christmas Island (CX)
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
AU915-928
Cocos Islands (CC)
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
AU915-928
Colombia (CO)
433 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
915 - 928 MHz
AU915-928
Comoros (KM)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
862 – 876 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 921 MHz
AS923-3
Congo, Democratic Republic
of (CD)
Congo (CG)
Cook Islands (CK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
819 - 824 MHz
864 - 868 MHz
IN865-867
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
AU915-928
Costa Rica (CR)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
920.5 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
Côte d’Ivoire (CI)
868 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Croatia (HR)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Cuba (CU)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
915 - 921 MHz
AS923-3
Curaçao (CW)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
920 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
Cyprus (CY)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Czechia (CZ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
5
CN779-787 devices may not be produced, imported or installed after 2021-01-01; deployed devices
may continue to operate through their normal end-of-life.
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Denmark (DK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Djibouti (DJ)
Dominica (DM)
902 - 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Dominican Republic (DO)
915 - 928 MHz
AU915-928
Ecuador (EC)
902 - 928 MHz
AU915-9283 4
Egypt (EG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
865 – 868 MHz
IN865-867
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
El Salvador (SV)
915 – 928 MHz
AU915-9283
Equatorial Guinea (GQ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Eritrea (ER)
Estonia (EE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Eswatini (SZ)
Ethiopia (ET)
Falkland Islands (FK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Faroe Islands (FO)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
Fiji (FJ)
Finland (FI)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
France (FR)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
French Guiana (GF)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
French Polynesia (PF)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
French Southern Territories
(TF)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
Gabon (GA)
Gambia (GM)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
Georgia (GE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
Germany (DE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Ghana (GH)
430 - 435 MHz
EU433
830 - 850 MHz
Gibraltar (GI)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
Greece (GR)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Greenland (GL)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Grenada (GD)
902 - 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Guadeloupe (GP)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Guam (GU)
902 - 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
Guatemala (GT)
915 – 928 MHz2
AU915-9283
Guernsey (GG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
Guinea (GN)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
Guinea-Bissau (GW)
Guyana (GY)
Haiti (HT)
Heard Island and McDonald
Islands (HM)
915 – 928 MHz
AU915-928
AS923-1
Holy See (VA)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Honduras (HN)
915-928 MHz
AU915-928
Hong Kong (HK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
865 - 868 MHz
IN865-867
920 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
Hungary (HU)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Iceland (IS)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
India (IN)
865 - 867 MHz
IN865-867
X
Indonesia (ID)
920 - 923 MHz
AS923-2
Iran (IR)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Iraq (IQ)
Ireland (IE)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
Isle of Man (IM)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Israel (IL)
917 - 920 MHz
AS923-4
Italy (IT)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Jamaica (JM)
915 - 928 MHz2
AU915-928
Japan (JP)
920.6 - 928.0 MHz
(steps of 200 kHz & 600 kHz)
AS923-1
X
Jersey (JE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
Jordan (JO)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
865 - 868 MHz
IN865-867
915 – 921 MHz
AS923-3
Kazakhstan (KZ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
Kenya (KE)
433 – 434 MHz
EU433
868 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Kiribati (KI)
Korea, Democratic Peoples’
Republic of (KP)
Korea, Republic of (KR)
917 - 923.5 MHz
KR920-923
X
Kuwait (KW)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 876 MHz
EU863-870
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
Kyrgyzstan (KG)
Lao People’s Democratic
Republic (LA)
433 - 435 MHz
EU433
862 - 875 MHz
EU863-870
923 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
Latvia (LV)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Lebanon (LB)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Lesotho (LS)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
Liberia (LR)
Libya (LY)
Liechtenstein (LI)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
Lithuania (LT)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Luxembourg (LU)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Macao (MO)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
920 – 925 MHz
AS923-1
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Macedonia (MK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Madagascar (MG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Malawi (MW)
Malaysia (MY)
433 - 435 MHz
EU433
916 – 919 MHz
AS923-1
919 – 924 MHz
AS923-1
Maldives (MV)
Mali (ML)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
Malta (MT)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Marshall Islands (MH)
Martinique (MQ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Mauritania (MR)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Mauritius (MU)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 865 MHz
Mayotte (YT)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Mexico (MX)
902 – 928 MHz
US902-9281
Micronesia (FM)
Moldova (MD)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
862 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Monaco (MC)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Mongolia (MN)
216 – 217 MHz
312 – 316 MHz
1427 – 1432 MHz
Montenegro (ME)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Montserrat (MS)
902 - 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Morocco (MA)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
869 – 870 MHz
Mozambique (MZ)
Myanmar (MM)
433 - 435 MHz
EU433
866 - 869 MHz
919 - 924 MHz
AS923-1
Namibia (NA)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Nauru (NR)
Nepal (NP)
Netherlands (NL)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
New Caledonia (NC)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
New-Zealand (NZ)
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
AU915-928
819 - 824 MHz
864 868 MHz
IN865-867
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
Nicaragua (NI)
915 - 928 MHz2
AU915-928
Niger (NE)
865 – 865.6 MHz
IN865-867
865.6 – 867.6 MHz
IN865-867
867.6 – 868 MHz
IN865-867
Nigeria (NG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Niue (NU)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
819 - 824 MHz
864 - 868 MHz
IN865-867
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
AU915-928
Norfolk Island (NF)
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
AU915-928
Northern Mariana Islands
(MP)
902 – 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
Norway (NO)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Oman (OM)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Pakistan (PK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
865 - 869 MHz
IN865-867
920 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
Palau (PW)
Palestine (PS)
Panama (PA)
902 - 928 MHz
AU915-9283 4
Papua New Guinea (PG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
915 – 928 MHz
AU915-928
AS923-1
Paraguay (PY)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
915 - 928 MHz
AU915-9283
Peru (PE)
915 - 928 MHz
AU915-9283
Philippines (PH)
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
868 – 869.2 MHz
EU863-870
869.7 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
Pitcairn (PN)
Poland (PL)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Portugal (PT)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Puerto Rico (PR)
902 – 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
Qatar (QA)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
915 – 921 MHz
AS923-3
Reunion (RE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Romania (RO)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Russian Federation (RU)
866 - 868 MHz
RU864-870
864 - 865 MHz
RU864-870
868.7 - 869.2 MHz
RU864-870
433.075 - 434.75 MHz
EU433
916 - 921 MHz (Licensed)
AS923-3
Rwanda (RW)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Saint Barthelemy (BL)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Saint Helena, Ascension and
Tristan da Cunha (SH)
Saint Kitts and Nevis (KN)
902 – 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Saint Lucia (LC)
902 – 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Saint Martin (MF)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
(PM)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines (VC)
902 – 928 MHz
AU915-9284
Samoa (WS)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
San Marino (SM)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Sao Tome and Principe (ST)
Saudi Arabia (SA)
863 – 875.8 MHz
EU863-870
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
915 – 921 MHz
AS923-3
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Senegal (SN)
868 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Serbia (RS)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Seychelles (SC)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
Sierra Leone (SL)
Singapore (SG)
920 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
866 - 869 MHz
Sint Maarten (SX)
Slovakia (SK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Slovenia (SI)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Solomon Islands (SB)
918 - 926 MHz
AS923-1
Somalia (SO)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
South Africa (ZA)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
865 – 868.6 MHz
EU863-870
868.7 – 869.2 MHz
EU863-870
869.4 – 869.65 MHz
EU863-870
869.7 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
South Georgia and the South
Sandwich Islands (GS)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
South Sudan (SS)
Spain (ES)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Sri Lanka (LK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 – 869 MHz
920 – 924 MHz
AS923-1
Sudan (SD)
Suriname (SR)
915 – 928 MHz2
AU915-9283
Svalbard and Jan Mayen (SJ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Sweden (SE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Switzerland (CH)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 – 918 MHz
AS923-3
Syrian Arab Republic (SY)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
863 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
870 – 876 MHz
EU863-870
915 – 921 MHz
AS923-3
Taiwan, Province of China
(TW)
920 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
X
Tajikistan (TJ)
Tanzania (TZ)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
866 - 869 MHz
920 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
Thailand (TH)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
920 – 925 MHz
AS923-1
X
Timor-Leste (TL)
Togo (TG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
Tokelau (TK)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
819 - 824 MHz
864 - 868 MHz
IN865-867
915 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
AU915-928
Tonga (TO)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
915 – 928 MHz
AU915-9283
Trinidad and Tobago (TT)
902 – 928 MHz
AU915-928
Tunisia (TN)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 868 MHz
EU863-870
868 – 868.6 MHz
EU863-870
868.7 – 869.2 MHz
EU863-870
869.4 – 869.65 MHz
EU863-870
869.7 – 870 MHz
EU863-870
Turkey (TR)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Turkmenistan (TM)
Turks and Caicos Islands (TC)
915 – 928 MHz2
AU915-9283
Tuvalu (TV)
Uganda (UG)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 865 MHz
IN865-867
865 - 867.6 MHz
IN865-867
869.25 - 869.7 MHz
923 - 925 MHz
AS923-1
Ukraine (UA)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
United Arab Emirates (AE)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
870 - 875.8 MHz
EU863-870
915 - 921 MHz
AS923-3
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland
(GB)
863 - 873 MHz
EU863-870
X
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
United States Minor Outlying
Islands (UM)
902 - 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
United States of America
(US)
902 - 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
Uruguay (UY)
915 - 928 MHz2
AU915-9283
Uzbekistan (UZ)
433.05 – 434.79 MHz
EU433
Vanuatu (VU)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 – 869 MHz
IN865-867
915 - 918 MHz
AS923-3
Venezuela (VE)
922 - 928 MHz
AS923-1
Viet Nam (VN)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
918 - 923 MHz6
AS923-2
920 - 922.5 MHz7
AS923-2
Virgin Islands, UK (VG)
915 - 928 MHz2
AU915-9283
Virgin Islands, US (VI)
902 - 928 MHz
US902-9281
X
Wallis and Futuna (WF)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
863 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
X
Western Sahara (EH)
Yemen (YE)
Zambia (ZM)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
868 - 870 MHz
EU863-870
Zimbabwe (ZW)
433.05 - 434.79 MHz
EU433
Table 1: Channel Plan per ISO 3166-1 Country
366
6
Band LIKELY available through 2021 – regulations in flux
7
Newly proposed band which LIKELY becomes available in 2021 – regulations in flux
©2021 LoRaAlliance ®
Page 21 of 94
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1.3 Regional Parameters Summary Table
367
The following summary tables have been provided as a quick reference to the various parameters described and defined, by channel plan region, in this document. These tables do not replace the full text in Section 2 and in the event of conflict, Section 2 is to be
368
understood as the authoritative and normative text. The information is further broken down by channel plan type: dynamic channel plans, in which the majority of channels are defined after the join process; and fixed channel plans, where the majority (or all channels
369
in LoRaWAN® versions prior to 1.1.1) of channels are defined statically and known prior to the join process.
370
1.3.1 Dynamic Channel Plan Regions
371
372
Plan
EU868
CN779
EU433
IN865
KR920
AS923-1
AS923-2
AS923-3
AS923-4
RU864
Default Freq band
863 to 870 MHz
779 to 787 MHz
433 to 434
865 to 867 MHz
920.9 to 923.3 MHz
915 to 928 MHz
915 to 928 MHz
915 to 928 MHz
917 to 920 MHz
864 to 870 MHz
Mandatory Channel Freq (Join Req)
868.10 MHz
868.30 MHz
868.50 MHz
779.5 MHz
779.7 MHz
779.9 MHz
433.175 MHz
433.375 MHz
433.575 MHz
865.0625 MHz
865.4025 MHz
865.985 MHz
922.10 MHz
922.30 MHz
922.50 MHz
923.20 MHz
923.40 MHz
921.4 MHz
921.6 MHz
916.6 MHz
916.8 MHz
917.3 MHz
917.5 MHz
868.9 MHz
869.1 MHz
JoinReq DataRate [MinDR:MaxDR]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[2:5]
[2:5]
[2:5]
[2:5]
[0:5]
CFList Type Supported
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Mandatory Data Rate [MinDR:MaxDR]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
Optional Data Rate [MinDR:MaxDR]
[6:7] | [6:11]
[6:7]
[6:7]
[7]
[6:7]
[6:7]
[6:7]
[6:7]
[6:7]
Number of channels
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
ChMaskCtrl - ChMask
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
0 -> Channels 0-15
6 -> All channels on
Default channels
[0:2]
[0:2]
[0:2]
[0:2]
[0:2]
[0:1]
[0:1]
[0:1]
[0:1]
[0:1]
Default RX1DRoffset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Allowed RX1DRoffset
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:5]
[0:7]
[0:5]
[0:7]
[0:7]
[0:7]
[0:7]
[0:5]
Duty Cycle
< 1%
< 1%
< 10%
LBT
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
Dwell time limitation
No
No
No
No
No
Yes (400ms)
Yes (400ms)
Yes (400ms)
Yes (400ms)
No
TxParamSetupReq support
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Max EIRP (default) - TXPower 0
+16 dBm
+12 dBm
+12dBm
+30 dBm
+14 dBm
+16 dBm
+16 dBm
+16 dBm
+16 dBm
+16 dBm
Default RX2DataRate
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR0
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR0
Default RX2 Frequency
869.525 MHz
786.0 MHz
434.665 MHz
866.550 MHz
921.90 MHz
923.2 MHz
921.4 MHz
916.6 MHz
917.3 MHz
869.1 MHz
Class B default Beacon Freq
869.525 MHz
785.0 MHz
434.665 MHz
866.550 MHz
923.1 MHz
923.4 MHz
921.6 MHz
916.8 MHz
917.5 MHz
869.1 MHz
Class B default downlink pingSlot Freq
869.525 MHz
785.0 MHz
434.665 MHz
866.550 MHz
923.1 MHz
923.4 MHz
921.6 MHz
916.8 MHz
917.5 MHz
868.9 MHz
Table 2 - Dynamic Channel Plans Summary
373
374
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
Page 22 of 94
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1.3.2 Fixed Channel Plan Regions
375
376
Plan
US915
AU915
Default Freq band
902 to 928 MHz
915 to 928 MHz
Mandatory Channel Freq (Join Req)
upstream: 64 (902.3 to 914.9 [+ by 0.2]) + 8 (903.0 to 914.2 [+ by 1.6])
downstream: 8 (923.3 to 927.5 [+ by 0.6])
upstream: 64 (915.2 to 927.8 [+ by 0.2]) + 8 (915.9 to 927.1 [+ by 1.6])
downstream: 8 (923.3 to 927.5 [+ by 0.6])
JoinReq DataRate [MinDR:MaxDR]
64 (125 kHz channels) using DR0 and
8 (500 kHz channels) using DR4
64 (125 kHz channels) using DR2 and
8 (500 kHz channels) using DR6
CFList Type Supported
1
1
Mandatory Data Rate [MinDR:MaxDR]
[0:4],[8:13]
[0:6],[8:13]
Optional Data Rate [MinDR:MaxDR]
[5:6]
[7]
Number of channels
upstream: 64 (125 kHz) + 8 (500 kHz)
downstream: 8 (500 kHz)
upstream: 64 (125 kHz) + 8 (500 kHz)
downstream: 8 (500 kHz)
ChMaskCtrl - ChMask
0 -> Channels 0 to 15
1 -> Channels 16 to 31
…
4 -> Channels 64 to 71
5 -> 8LSBs controls Channel Blocks 0 to 7, 8MSBs are RFU
6 -> All 125 kHz ON, ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
7 -> All 125 kHz OFF, ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
0 -> Channels 0 to 15
1 -> Channels 16 to 31
…
4 -> Channels 64 to 71
5 -> 8LSBs controls Channel Blocks 0 to 7, 8MSBs are RFU
6 -> All 125 kHz ON, ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
7 -> All 125 kHz OFF, ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
Default channels
[0:71]
[0:71]
Default RX1DRoffset
0
0
Allowed RX1DRoffset
[0:3]
[0:5]
Duty Cycle
No Limit
No Limit
Dwell time limitation
[0:63] 400ms
[64:71] No
[0:63] 400ms (regional dependence)
[64:71] No
TxParamSetupReq support
No
Yes
Max EIRP (default) - TXPower 0
+30 dBm
+30 dBm
Default RX2DataRate
DR8
DR8
Default RX2 Frequency
923.3 MHz
923.3 MHz
Class B default Beacon Freq
Hops across all 8 downlink channels
Hops across all 8 downlink channels
Class B default downlink pingSlot Freq
Follows beacon channel
Follows beacon channel
Table 3 - Fixed Channel Plans Summary
377
©2021 LoRaAlliance ®
Page 23 of 94
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
378
2 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
379
380
2.1 Regional Parameter Channel Plan Common Names
381
In order to support the identification of LoRaWAN® channel plans referenced by other
382
specification documents, the table below provides a quick reference of common channel plans
383
listed for each formal plan name.
384
385
Channel Plan
Common Name
Channel Plan ID
EU863-870
EU868
1
US902-928
US915
2
CN779-787
CN779
3
EU433
EU433
4
AU915-928
AU915
5
CN470-510
CN470
6
AS923-18
AS923
7
AS923-2
AS923-2
8
AS923-3
AS923-3
9
KR920-923
KR920
10
IN865-867
IN865
11
RU864-870
RU864
12
AS923-4
AS923-4
13
Table 4 Regional Parameter Common Names
386
387
2.2 Regional Parameter Revision Names
388
In order to support the identification of Regional Parameter Specification versions referenced
389
by other specification documents, the table below provides a quick reference of common
390
revision strings listed for each formal revision number.
391
392
Specification Revision
Notes
LoRaWAN® v1.0.1
Originally integrated in the LoRaWAN® spec
Regional Parameters v1.0.2rB
Aligned with LoRaWAN® 1.0.2
Regional Parameters v1.0.3rA
Aligned with LoRaWAN® 1.0.3
Regional Parameters v1.1rA
Aligned with LoRaWAN® 1.1
RP002-1.0.0
Supports both LoRaWAN® 1.0.x and 1.1.x
RP002-1.0.1
Supports both LoRaWAN® 1.0.x and 1.1.x
RP002-1.0.2
Supports both LoRaWAN® 1.0.x and 1.1.x
RP002-1.0.3
Supports both LoRaWAN® 1.0.x and 1.1.x
Table 5 Regional Parameter Revision Names
393
2.3 Default Settings
394
The following parameters are RECOMMENDED values for all regions.
395
RECEIVE_DELAY1
1s
RECEIVE_DELAY2
2s (SHALL be RECEIVE_DELAY1 + 1s)
RX1DROffset
0 (table index)
8
AS923 has been renamed AS923-1 as of RP002-1.0.2, however, the common name remains the
same
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
JOIN_ACCEPT_DELAY1
5s
JOIN_ACCEPT_DELAY2
6s
MAX_FCNT_GAP9
16384
ADR_ACK_LIMIT
64
ADR_ACK_DELAY
32
RETRANSMIT_TIMEOUT
2s +/- 1s (random delay between 1 and 3 seconds)
DownlinkDwellTime
0 (No downlink dwell time enforced, impacts data rate
Offset calculations)
UplinkDwellTime
Uplink dwell time is country specific and is the
responsibly of the end-device to comply with
PING_SLOT_PERIODICITY
7 (2^7 = 128s)
PING_SLOT_DATARATE
The value of the BEACON DR defined for each regional
band
PING_SLOT_CHANNEL
Defined in each regional band
CLASS_B_RESP_TIMEOUT
8s10
CLASS_C_RESP_TIMEOUT
8s11
396
If the actual parameter values implemented in the end-device are different from those default
397
values (for example the end-device uses a longer JOIN_ACCEPT_DELAY1 and
398
JOIN_ACCEPT_DELAY2 latency), those parameters SHALL be communicated to the
399
network server using an out-of-band channel during the end-device commissioning process.
400
The network server may not accept parameters different from those default values.
401
402
RETRANSMIT_TIMEOUT was known as ACK_TIMEOUT in versions prior to 1.0.4 of
403
LoRaWAN® specification. It is renamed in version 1.0.4 and subsequent versions of the
404
LoRaWAN® specification to better reflect its intended use.
405
406
MAC commands exist in the LoRaWAN® specification to change the value of
407
RECEIVE_DELAY1 (using RXTimingSetupReq, RXTimingSetupAns) as well as
408
ADR_ACK_LIMIT and ADR_ACK_DELAY (using ADRParamSetupReq,
409
ADRParamSetupAns). Also, RXTimingSettings are transmitted to the end device along with
410
the JOIN_ACCEPT message in OTAA mode.
411
412
The default values for PING_SLOT_PERIODICITY, PING_SLOT_DATARATE, and
413
PING_SLOT_CHANNEL can be adjusted using Class B MAC commands.
414
415
9
MAX_FCNT_GAP was deprecated and removed from LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and subsequent versions
10
CLASS_B_RESP_TIMEOUT must always be greater than the largest possible value of
RETRANSMIT_TIMEOUT plus the maximum possible time-on-air of an uplink frame
11
CLASS_C_RESP_TIMEOUT must always be greater than the largest possible value of
RETRANSMIT_TIMEOUT plus the maximum possible time-on-air of an uplink frame
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.4 EU863-870 MHz Band
416
2.4.1 EU863-870 Preamble Format
417
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
418
2.4.2 EU863-870 Band Channel Frequencies
419
This section applies to any region where the radio spectrum use is defined by the ETSI
420
[EN300.220-2] standard.
421
The network channels can be freely attributed by the network operator. However, the three
422
following default channels SHALL be implemented in every EU863-870 end-device. Those
423
channels are the minimum set that all network gateways SHALL be listening on.
424
425
Modulation
Bandwidth
[kHz]
Channel
Frequency
[MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
Duty
cycle
LoRa
125
868.10
868.30
868.50
DR0 to DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
< 1%
Table 6: EU863-870 default channels
426
In order to access the physical medium, the ETSI regulations impose some restrictions such
427
as the maximum time the transmitter can be on or the maximum time a transmitter can transmit
428
per hour. The ETSI regulations allow the choice of using either a duty-cycle limitation or a so-
429
called Listen Before Talk Adaptive Frequency Agility (LBT AFA) transmissions
430
management. The current LoRaWAN® specification exclusively uses duty-cycled limited
431
transmissions to comply with the ETSI regulations.
432
EU868 end-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 863 to 870 MHz frequency band
433
and SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of at least 16 channels.
434
A channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates usable on this
435
frequency.
436
The first three channels correspond to 868.1, 868.3, and 868.5 MHz / DR0 to DR5 and SHALL
437
be implemented in every end-device. For devices compliant with TS001-1.0.x, those default
438
channels SHALL NOT be modified through the NewChannelReq command. For devices
439
compliant with TS001-1.1.x and beyond, these channels MAY be modified through the
440
NewChannelReq but SHALL be reset during the backoff procedure defined in TS001-1.1.1
441
to guarantee a minimal common channel set between end-devices and network gateways.
442
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
443
broadcast the Join-Request message. The Join-Request message transmit duty-cycle SHALL
444
follow the rules described in chapter “Retransmissions back-off” of the LoRaWAN®
445
specification document.
446
447
Modulation
Bandwidth [kHz]
Channel
Frequency
[MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
LoRa
125
868.10
868.30
868.50
DR0 – DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
Table 7: EU863-870 Join-Request Channel List
448
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.4.3 EU863-870 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding
449
There is no dwell time limitation for the EU863-870 PHY layer. The TxParamSetupReq MAC
450
command is not implemented in EU863-870 devices.
451
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and End-device EIRP (TXPower) in the
452
EU863-870 band:
453
454
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative physical
bit rate [bit/s]
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
6
LoRa: SF7 / 250 kHz
11000
7
FSK: 50 kbps
50000
8
LR-FHSS12 CR1/3: 137 kHz BW
162
9
LR-FHSS CR2/3: 137 kHz BW
325
10
LR-FHSS CR1/3: 336 kHz BW
162
11
LR-FHSS CR2/3: 336 kHz BW
325
12..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]13
Table 8: EU863-870 TX DataRate table
455
456
EU863-870 end-devices SHALL support one of the 3 following data rate options:
457
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
458
2. DR0 to DR7
459
3. DR0 to DR11 (all data rates implemented)
460
For each of the 3 options all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented
461
(meaning no intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
462
463
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
464
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
465
during data rate back-off:
466
DRcurrent
DRnext
Comment
0
NA
Already the lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
4
6
5
7
6
8
0
9
8
10
0
11
10
Table 9: EU863-870 Data Rate Backoff table
467
12
Long Range Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum, see Section 4.3
13
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN1.0.4 and subsequent
specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
EIRP
14
refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
468
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
469
gain is expressed in dBi.
470
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
Max EIRP
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
Max EIRP – 12dB
7
Max EIRP – 14dB
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]
Table 10: EU863-870 TX power table
471
472
By default, the Max EIRP is considered to be +16 dBm. If the end-device cannot achieve 16
473
dBm EIRP, the Max EIRP SHOULD be communicated to the network server using an out-of-
474
band channel during the end-device commissioning process.
475
2.4.4 EU863-870 Join-Accept CFList
476
477
The EU863-870 band LoRaWAN® implements an OPTIONAL channel frequency list
478
(CFlist) of 16 octets in the Join-Accept message.
479
In this case the CFList is a list of five channel frequencies for the channels three to seven
480
whereby each frequency is encoded as a 24 bits unsigned integer (three octets). All these
481
channels are usable for DR0 to DR5 125 kHz LoRa modulation. The list of frequencies is
482
followed by a single CFListType octet for a total of 16 octets. The CFListType SHALL be equal
483
to zero (0) to indicate that the CFList contains a list of frequencies.
484
485
Size
(bytes)
3
3
3
3
3
1
CFList
Freq Ch3
Freq Ch4
Freq Ch5
Freq Ch6
Freq Ch7
CFListType
The actual channel frequency in Hz is 100 x frequency whereby values representing
486
frequencies below 100 MHz are reserved for future use. This allows setting the frequency of
487
a channel anywhere between 100 MHz to 1.678 GHz in 100 Hz steps. Unused channels have
488
a frequency value of 0. The CFList is OPTIONAL and its presence can be detected by the
489
length of the join-accept message. If present, the CFList SHALL replace all the previous
490
channels stored in the end-device apart from the three default channels. The newly defined
491
channels are immediately enabled and usable by the end-device for communication.
492
2.4.5 EU863-870 LinkAdrReq command
493
The EU863-870 LoRaWAN® only supports a maximum of 16 channels. When ChMaskCntl
494
field is 0 the ChMask field individually enables/disables each of the 16 channels.
495
496
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
14
ERP = EIRP – 2.15dB; it is referenced to a half-wave dipole antenna whose gain is expressed in dBd
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
1
RFU
2
RFU
3
RFU
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All channels ON : The device SHALL enable all currently defined channels
independently of the ChMask field value.
7
RFU
Table 11: EU863-870 ChMaskCntl value table
497
If the ChMaskCntl field value is one of values meaning RFU, the end-device SHALL
15
reject
498
the command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
499
2.4.6 EU863-870 Maximum payload size
500
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table. It is derived from
501
limitation of the PHY layer depending on the effective modulation rate used taking into account
502
a possible repeater encapsulation layer. The maximum application payload length in the
503
absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field (N) is also given for information only. The value
504
of N MAY be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
505
506
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
230
222
5
230
222
6
230
222
7
230
222
8
58
50
9
123
115
10
58
50
11
123
115
12:15
Not defined
Table 12: EU863-870 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
507
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
508
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHALL be:
509
510
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
250
242
5
250
242
6
250
242
7
250
242
8
58
50
9
123
115
10
58
50
15
Made SHALL from SHOULD starting in LoRaWAN Regional Parameters Specification 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
11
123
115
12:15
Not defined
Table 13 : EU863-870 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
511
2.4.7 EU863-870 Receive windows
512
By default, the RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink. The data
513
rate is a function of the uplink data rate and the RX1DROffset as given by the following table.
514
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:5] range. Values in the [6:7] range are
515
reserved for future use.
516
517
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate in RX1 slot
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR6
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR7
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR8
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR9
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR10
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR11
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
Table 14: EU863-870 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
518
The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are
519
869.525 MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)
520
2.4.8 EU863-870 Class B beacon and default downlink channel
521
The beacons SHALL be transmitted using the following settings
522
DR
3
Corresponds to SF9 spreading factor with 125 kHz BW
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses inverted signal
polarity
Table 15: EU863-870 beacon settings
523
524
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
16
525
The beacon default broadcast frequency is 869.525 MHz.
526
The Class B default downlink pingSlot frequency is 869.525 MHz.
527
2.4.9 EU863-870 Default Settings
528
There are no specific default settings for the EU 863-870 MHz Band.
529
530
16
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the EU863-870 beacon format was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
2
4
2
7
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.5 US902-928 MHz ISM Band
531
This section defines the regional parameters for the USA, Canada and all other countries in
532
ITU Region 2 adopting the entire FCC 47 CFR Part 15regulations in 902-928 ISM band.
533
2.5.1 US902-928 Preamble Format
534
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
535
2.5.2 US902-928 Band Channel Frequencies
536
The 915 MHz ISM Band SHALL be divided into the following channel plans.
537
• Upstream – 64 channels numbered 0 to 63 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW varying from
538
DR0 to DR3, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 902.3 MHz and incrementing linearly
539
by 200 kHz to 914.9 MHz
540
• Upstream – 8 channels numbered 64 to 71 utilizing LoRa 500 kHz BW at DR4 or LR-
541
FHSS 1.523 MHz BW at DR5-DR6 starting at 903.0 MHz and incrementing linearly
542
by 1.6 MHz to 914.2 MHz
543
• Downstream – 8 channels numbered 0 to 7 utilizing LoRa 500 kHz BW at DR8 to
544
DR13, starting at 923.3 MHz and incrementing linearly by 600 kHz to 927.5 MHz
545
546
547
Figure 1: US902-928 channel frequencies
548
915 MHz ISM band end-devices are required to operate in compliance with the relevant
549
regulatory specifications, the following note summarizes some of the current (March 2017)
550
relevant regulations.
551
Frequency-Hopping, Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) mode, which requires
552
the device transmit at a measured conducted power level no greater
553
than +30 dBm, for a period of no more than 400 msec and over at least
554
50 channels, each of which occupy no greater than 250 kHz of
555
bandwidth and separated by a minimum of 25 kHz or the 20 dB
556
bandwidth of the hopping channel, whichever is greater.
557
Digital Transmission System (DTS) mode, which requires that the
558
device use channels greater than or equal to 500 kHz and comply to a
559
conducted Power Spectral Density measurement of no more than +8
560
dBm per 3 kHz of spectrum. In practice, this limits the conducted output
561
power of an end-device to +26 dBm.
562
Hybrid mode, which requires that the device transmit over multiple
563
channels (this may be less than the 50 channels required for FHSS
564
mode but is recommended to be at least 4) while complying with the
565
Power Spectral Density requirements of DTS mode and the 400 msec
566
dwell time of FHSS mode. In practice this limits the measured
567
conducted power of the end-device to 21 dBm.
568
903.0
902.3 904.6 914.2
….
923.3 923.9 927.5
….
8x downlink channels
64 + 8 uplink channels
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Devices which use an antenna system with a directional gain greater
569
than +6 dBi but reduce the specified conducted output power by the
570
amount in dB of directional gain over +6 dBi.
571
US902-928 end-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 902 to 928 MHz frequency
572
band and SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters for 72 channels.
573
This channel data structure contains a list of frequencies and the set of data rates available
574
for each frequency.
575
If using the over-the-air activation procedure, the end-device SHALL transmit the Join-
576
Request message on random 125 kHz channels amongst the 64 125 kHz channels defined
577
using DR0 and on 500 kHz channels amongst the 8 500kHz channels defined using DR4.
578
The end-device SHALL change channels for every transmission.
579
For rapid network acquisition in mixed gateway channel plan environments, the device
580
SHOULD follow a random channel selection sequence which efficiently probes the octet
581
groups of eight 125 kHz channels followed by probing one 500 kHz channel each pass.
582
Each consecutive pass SHOULD NOT select a channel that was used in a previous pass,
583
until a Join-request is transmitted on every channel, after which the entire process can
584
restart.
585
Example: First pass: Random channel from [0-7], followed by [8-15]… [56-63], then 64
586
Second pass: Random channel from [0-7], followed by [8-15]… [56-63], then
587
65
588
Last pass: Random channel from [0-7], followed by [8-15]… [56-63], then 71
589
Personalized devices SHALL have all 72 channels enabled following a reset and SHALL use
590
the channels for which the device’s default data-rate is valid.
591
2.5.3 US902-928 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding
592
FCC regulation imposes for frequency hopping systems, a maximum dwell time of 400ms on
593
uplinks,when the 20dB modulation bandwidth is less than 500 kHz. The TxParamSetupReq
594
MAC command is not implemented by US902-928 devices.
595
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and End-device conducted Power
596
(TXPower) in the US902-928 band:
597
598
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative
physical bit
rate [bit/sec]
0
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
1
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
2
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
3
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
4
LoRa: SF8 / 500 kHz
12500
5
LR-FHSS CR1/3: 1.523 MHz BW
162
6
LR-FHSS CR2/3: 1.523 MHz BW
325
7
RFU
8
LoRa: SF12 / 500 kHz
980
9
LoRa: SF11 / 500 kHz
1760
10
LoRa: SF10 / 500 kHz
3900
11
LoRa: SF9 / 500 kHz
7000
12
LoRa: SF8 / 500 kHz
12500
13
LoRa: SF7 / 500 kHz
21900
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]17
Table 16: US902-928 TX DataRate table
599
Note: DR4 is purposely identical to DR12, DR8…13 refer to data rates
600
that are only used for downlink messages.
601
602
US902-928 devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
603
1. [DR0 to DR4] and [DR8 to DR13] (minimum set supported for certification)
604
2. [DR0 to DR13] (all data rates implemented)
605
In both cases all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented (meaning no
606
intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
607
608
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
609
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
610
during data rate back-off:
611
DRcurrent
DRnext
comment
0
NA
Already the default lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
0
6
5
DR 7 to DR15 are either RFU, reserved or only used in downlink
Table 17: US902-928 Data Rate Backoff table
612
613
TXPower
Configuration (conducted
power)
0
30 dBm – 2*TXPower
1
28 dBm
2
26 dBm
3 : 13
….
14
2 dBm
15
Defined in [TS001]18
Table 18: US902-928 TX power table
614
2.5.4 US902-928 Join-Accept CFList
615
616
For LoRaWAN® 1.0.1 and 1.0.2, the US902-928 region does not support the use of the
617
OPTIONAL CFlist appended to the Join-Accept message. If the CFlist is not empty it is
618
ignored by the end-device.
619
620
The US902-928 LoRaWAN® supports the use of the OPTIONAL CFlist appended to the
621
Join-Accept message. If the CFlist is not empty, then the CFListType field SHALL contain
622
the value one (0x01) to indicate the CFList contains a series of ChMask fields. The ChMask
623
fields are interpreted as being controlled by a virtual ChMaskCntl that initializes to a value of
624
17
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
18
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
zero (0) and increments for each ChMask field to a value of four (4). (The first 16 bits
625
controls the channels 0 to 15...)
626
627
Size
(bytes)
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[3]
[1]
CFList
ChMask0
ChMask1
ChMask2
ChMask3
ChMask4
RFU
RFU
CFListType
2.5.5 US902-928 LinkAdrReq command
628
For the US902-928 version the ChMaskCntl field of the LinkADRReq command has the
629
following meaning:
630
631
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
Channels 16 to 31
2
Channels 32 to 47
3
Channels 48 to 63
4
Channels 64 to 71
5
8LSBs controls Channel Blocks 0 to 7 (8MSBs are RFU)
6
All 125 kHz ON : ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
7
All 125 kHz OFF : ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
Table 19: US902-928 ChMaskCntl value table
632
If ChMaskCntl = 5
19
then the corresponding bits in the ChMask enable and disable a bank of
633
8 125 kHz channels and the corresponding 500 kHz channel defined by the following
634
calculation: [ChannelMaskBit * 8, ChannelMaskBit * 8 +7],64+ChannelMaskBit.
635
If ChMaskCntl = 6 then all 125 kHz channels are enabled, if ChMaskCntl = 7 then all 125
636
kHz channels are disabled. Simultaneously the channels 64 to 71 are set according to the
637
ChMask bit mask. The Data Rate specified in the command need not be valid for channels
638
specified in the ChMask, as it governs the global operational state of the end-device.
639
640
Note: FCC regulation requires hopping over at least 50 channels when
641
using maximum output power. This is achieved either when more than
642
50 LoRa/125 kHz channels are enabled and/or when at least one LR-
643
FHSS channel is enabled. It is possible to have end-devices with less
644
channels when limiting the end-device conducted transmit power to 21
645
dBm.
646
Note: A common network server action may be to reconfigure a device
647
through multiple LinkAdrReq commands in a contiguous block of MAC
648
Commands. For example, to reconfigure a device from 64 channel
649
operation to the first 8 channels could contain two LinkAdrReq, the first
650
(ChMaskCntl = 7) to disable all 125 kHz channels and the second
651
(ChMaskCntl = 0) to enable a bank of 8 125 kHz channels. Alternatively,
652
using ChMaskCntl = 5 a device can be re-configured from 64 channel
653
operation to support the first 8 channels in a single LinkAdrReq.
654
655
19
Added in LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters Specification version 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.5.6 US902-928 Maximum payload size
656
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table. It is derived from
657
the maximum allowed transmission time at the PHY layer taking into account a possible
658
repeater encapsulation. The maximum application payload length in the absence of the
659
OPTIONAL FOpts MAC control field (N) is also given for information only. The value of N MAY
660
be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
661
662
Data Rate
M
N
0
19
11
1
61
53
2
133
125
3
230
222
4
230
222
5
58
50
6
133
125
7
Not defined
8
61
53
9
137
129
10
230
222
11
230
222
12
230
222
13
230
222
14:15
Not defined
Table 20: US902-928 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
663
664
If the end-device will never operate under a repeater then the maximum application payload
665
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHALL be:
666
667
Data Rate
M
N
0
19
11
1
61
53
2
133
125
3
250
242
4
250
242
5
58
50
6
133
125
7
Not defined
8
61
53
9
137
129
10
250
242
11
250
242
12
250
242
13
250
242
14:15
Not defined
Table 21 : US902-928 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
668
2.5.7 US902-928 Receive windows
669
• The RX1 receive channel is a function of the upstream channel used to initiate the
670
data exchange. The RX1 receive channel can be determined as follows.
671
o RX1 Channel Number = Transmit Channel Number modulo 8
672
• The RX1 window data rate depends on the transmit data rate (see Table 22 below).
673
• The RX2 (second receive window) settings uses a fixed data rate and frequency.
674
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Default parameters are 923.3 MHz / DR8
675
676
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
DR0
DR10
DR9
DR8
DR8
DR1
DR11
DR10
DR9
DR8
DR2
DR12
DR11
DR10
DR9
DR3
DR13
DR12
DR11
DR10
DR4
DR13
DR13
DR12
DR11
DR5
DR10
DR9
DR8
DR8
DR6
DR11
DR10
DR9
DR8
Table 22: US902-928 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
20
677
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:3] range. Values in the range [4:7] are
678
reserved for future use.
679
2.5.8 US902-928 Class B beacon
21
680
The beacons SHALL be transmitted using the following settings:
681
682
Table 23: US902-928 beacon settings
683
The downstream channel used for a given beacon is:
684
685
Channel = 󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
686
687
• whereby beacon_time is the integer value of the 4 bytes “Time” field of the beacon
688
frame
689
• whereby beacon_period is the periodicity of beacons, 128 seconds
690
• whereby floor(x) designates rounding to the integer immediately inferior or equal to x
691
692
Example: the first beacon will be transmitted on 923.3 MHz, the second
693
on 923.9 MHz, the 9th beacon will be on 923.3 MHz again.
694
695
696
Beacon channel number
Frequency [MHz]
0
923.3
1
923.9
2
924.5
3
925.1
4
925.7
5
926.3
6
926.9
20
Re-defined in the LoRaWAN® 1.0.1 specification to eliminate RX1DROffset values beyond DR4
21
Class B beacon operation was first defined in the LoRaWAN® 1.0.3 specification
DR
8
Corresponds to SF12 spreading factor with 500 kHz bw
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses inverted
signal polarity
frequencies
923.3 to 927.5 MHz
with 600 kHz steps
Beaconing is performed on the same channel that normal
downstream traffic as defined in the Class A specification
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
7
927.5
Table 24: US902-928 Beacon Channels
697
698
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
22
699
700
The default Class B PING_SLOT_CHANNEL is defined in the LoRaWAN® specification.
701
2.5.9 US902-928 Default Settings
702
There are no specific default settings for the US902-928 MHz ISM Band.
703
704
22
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
5
4
2
7
3
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
RFU
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.6 CN779-787 MHz Band
23
705
2.6.1 CN779-787 Preamble Format
706
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
707
2.6.2 CN779-787 Band Channel Frequencies
708
CN779-787 devices may not be produced, imported or installed after 2021-
709
01-01; deployed devices may continue to operate through their normal end-
710
of-life.
711
The LoRaWAN® can be used in the Chinese 779-787 MHz band as long as the radio device
712
EIRP is less than 12 dBm.
713
The end-device transmit duty-cycle SHALL be lower than 1%.
714
The LoRaWAN® channels center frequency MAY be in the following range:
715
• Minimum frequency: 779.5 MHz
716
• Maximum frequency: 786.5 MHz
717
CN780 end-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 779 to 787 MHz frequency band
718
and SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of at least 16 channels.
719
A channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates usable on this
720
frequency.
721
The first three channels correspond to 779.5, 779.7 and 779.9 MHz with DR0 to DR5 and
722
SHALL be implemented in every end-device. For devices compliant with TS001-1.0.x, those
723
default channels SHALL NOT be modified through the NewChannelReq command. For
724
devices compliant with TS001-1.1.x and beyond, these channels MAY be modified through
725
the NewChannelReq but SHALL be reset during the backoff procedure defined in TS001-
726
1.1.1 to guarantee a minimal common channel set between end-devices and gateways of all
727
networks. Other channels can be freely distributed across the allowed frequency range on a
728
network per network basis.
729
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
730
broadcast the Join-Request message The Join-Request message transmit duty-cycle SHALL
731
follow the rules described in chapter “Retransmissions back-off” of the LoRaWAN®
732
specification document. Those channels are the minimum set that all network gateways
733
SHALL be listening on.
734
735
Modulation
Bandwidth
[kHz]
Channel
Frequency
[MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
Duty
cycle
LoRa
125
779.5
779.7
779.9
DR0 – DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
< 1%
Table 25: CN779-787 Join-Request Channel List
736
2.6.3 CN779-787 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding
737
There is no dwell time limitation for the CN779-787 PHY layer. The TxParamSetupReq MAC
738
command is not implemented by CN779-787 devices.
739
23
Defined in the LoRaWAN® 1.0.1 specification
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and End-device EIRP (TXPower) in the
740
CN779-787 band:
741
742
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative
physical bit
rate [bit/s]
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
0
Max EIRP
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
LoRa: SF7 / 250 kHz
11000
6..14
RFU
7
FSK: 50 kbps
50000
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]24
15
Defined in [TS001]24
Table 26: CN779-787 Data rate and TX power table
743
744
CN779-787 end-devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
745
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
746
2. DR0 to DR7
747
For both of the options all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented
748
(meaning no intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
749
750
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
751
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
752
during data rate back-off:
753
DRcurrent
DRnext
Comment
0
NA
Already the lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
4
6
5
7
6
Table 27: CN779-787 Data Rate Backoff table
754
755
EIRP refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
756
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
757
gain is expressed in dBi.
758
By default, Max EIRP is considered to be +12 dBm. If the end-device cannot achieve 12
759
dBm EIRP, the Max EIRP SHOULD be communicated to the network server using an out-of-
760
band channel during the end-device commissioning process.
761
2.6.4 CN779-787 Join-Accept CFList
762
The CN780 band LoRaWAN® implements an OPTIONAL channel frequency list (CFlist) of
763
16 octets in the Join-Accept message.
764
24
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
In this case the CFList is a list of five channel frequencies for the channels three to seven
765
whereby each frequency is encoded as a 24 bits unsigned integer (three octets). All these
766
channels are usable for DR0 to DR5 125 kHz LoRa modulation. The list of frequencies is
767
followed by a single CFListType octet for a total of 16 octets. The CFListType SHALL be equal
768
to zero (0) to indicate that the CFList contains a list of frequencies.
769
770
Size
(bytes)
3
3
3
3
3
1
CFList
Freq Ch3
Freq Ch4
Freq Ch5
Freq Ch6
Freq Ch7
CFListType
771
The actual channel frequency in Hz is 100 x frequency whereby values representing
772
frequencies below 100 MHz are reserved for future use. This allows setting the frequency of
773
a channel anywhere between 100 MHz to 1.678 GHz in 100 Hz steps. Unused channels have
774
a frequency value of 0. The CFList is OPTIONAL and its presence can be detected by the
775
length of the join-accept message. If present, the CFList SHALL replace all the previous
776
channels stored in the end-device apart from the three default channels.
777
The newly defined channels are immediately enabled and usable by the end-device for
778
communication.
779
2.6.5 CN779-787 LinkAdrReq command
780
The CN780 LoRaWAN® only supports a maximum of 16 channels. When ChMaskCntl field
781
is 0 the ChMask field individually enables/disables each of the 16 channels.
782
783
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
RFU
..
..
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All channels ON : The device SHALL enable all currently defined channels
independently of the ChMask field value.
7
RFU
Table 28: CN779-787 ChMaskCntl value table
784
785
If the ChMask field value is one of values meaning RFU, then end-device SHALL
25
reject the
786
command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
787
2.6.6 CN779-787 Maximum payload size
788
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table. It is derived from
789
limitation of the PHY layer depending on the effective modulation rate used taking into account
790
a possible repeater encapsulation layer. The maximum application payload length in the
791
absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field (N) is also given for information only. The value
792
of N MAY be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
793
794
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
25
Made SHALL from SHOULD starting in LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters Specification 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
3
123
115
4
230
222
5
230
222
6
230
222
7
230
222
8:15
Not defined
Table 29: CN779-787 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
795
796
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
797
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHALL be:
798
799
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
250
242
5
250
242
6
250
242
7
250
242
8:15
Not defined
Table 30 : CN779-787 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
800
2.6.7 CN779-787 Receive windows
801
By default, the RX1 receive window uses the same channel than the preceding uplink. The
802
data rate is a function of the uplink data rate and the RX1DROffset as given by the following
803
table. The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:5] range. Values in the range [6:7]
804
are reserved for future use.
805
806
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR6
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR7
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
Table 31: CN779-787 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
807
The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are
808
786 MHz / DR0.
809
2.6.8 CN779-787 Class B beacon and default downlink channel
810
The beacons SHALL be transmitted using the following settings:
811
DR
3
Corresponds to SF9 spreading factor with 125 kHz BW
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses inverted
signal polarity
Table 32: CN779-787 beacon settings
812
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
26
The beacon default broadcast frequency is
813
785 MHz.
814
The class B default downlink pingSlot frequency is 785 MHz
815
2.6.9 CN779-787 Default Settings
816
There are no specific default settings for the CN779-787 MHz Band.
817
26
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
2
4
2
7
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.7 EU433 MHz ISM Band
818
2.7.1 EU433 Preamble Format
819
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
820
2.7.2 EU433 ISM Band Channel Frequencies
821
The LoRaWAN® can be used in the 433.05 to 434.79 MHz ISM band in ITU Region 1 as long
822
as the radio device EIRP is less than 12 dBm.
823
The end-device transmit duty-cycle SHALL be lower than 10%.
27
824
The LoRaWAN® channels center frequency can be in the following range:
825
• Minimum frequency: 433.175 MHz
826
• Maximum frequency: 434.665 MHz
827
EU433 end-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 433.05 to 434.79 MHz frequency
828
band and SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of at least 16
829
channels. A channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates usable
830
on this frequency.
831
The first three channels correspond to 433.175, 433.375 and 433.575 MHz with DR0 to DR5
832
and SHALL be implemented in every end-device. For devices compliant with TS001-1.0.x,
833
those default channels SHALL NOT be modified through the NewChannelReq command. For
834
devices compliant with TS001-1.1.x and beyond, these channels MAY be modified through
835
the NewChannelReq but SHALL be reset during the backoff procedure defined in TS001-
836
1.1.1 to guarantee a minimal common channel set between end-devices and gateways of all
837
networks. Other channels can be freely distributed across the allowed frequency range on a
838
network per network basis.
839
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
840
broadcast the Join-Request message. The Join-Request message transmit duty-cycle SHALL
841
follow the rules described in chapter “Retransmissions back-off” of the LoRaWAN®
842
specification document.
843
844
Modulation
Bandwidth [kHz]
Channel
Frequency
[MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
Duty
cycle
LoRa
125
433.175
433.375
433.575
DR0 – DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
< 1%
Table 33: EU433 Join-Request Channel List
845
846
2.7.3 EU433 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding
847
There is no dwell time limitation for the EU433 PHY layer. The TxParamSetupReq MAC
848
command is not implemented by EU433 devices.
849
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and End-device EIRP (TXPower) in the
850
EU433 band:
851
852
27
Defined in the LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters 1.0.2 specification
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative
physical bit
rate [bit/s]
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
0
Max EIRP
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
LoRa: SF7 / 250 kHz
11000
6..14
RFU
7
FSK: 50 kbps
50000
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]28
15
Defined in [TS001]28
Table 34: EU433 Data rate and TX power table
853
854
EU433 end-devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
855
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
856
2. DR0 to DR7
857
For both of the options all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented
858
(meaning no intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
859
860
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
861
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
862
during data rate back-off:
863
DRcurrent
DRnext
Comment
0
NA
Already the lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
4
6
5
7
6
Table 35: EU433 Data Rate Backoff table
864
865
EIRP refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
866
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
867
gain is expressed in dBi.
868
By default, the Max EIRP is considered to be +12 dBm. If the end-device cannot achieve 12
869
dBm EIRP, the Max EIRP SHALL be communicated to the network server using an out-of-
870
band channel during the end-device commissioning process.
871
2.7.4 EU433 Join-Accept CFList
872
873
The EU433 ISM band LoRaWAN® implements an OPTIONAL channel frequency list
874
(CFlist) of 16 octets in the Join-Accept message.
875
In this case the CFList is a list of five channel frequencies for the channels three to seven
876
whereby each frequency is encoded as a 24 bits unsigned integer (three octets). All these
877
28
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
channels are usable for DR0 to DR5 125 kHz LoRa modulation. The list of frequencies is
878
followed by a single CFListType octet for a total of 16 octets. The CFListType SHALL be equal
879
to zero (0) to indicate that the CFList contains a list of frequencies.
880
881
Size
(bytes)
3
3
3
3
3
1
CFList
Freq Ch3
Freq Ch4
Freq Ch5
Freq Ch6
Freq Ch7
CFListType
The actual channel frequency in Hz is 100 x frequency whereby values representing
882
frequencies below 100 MHz are reserved for future use. This allows setting the frequency of
883
a channel anywhere between 100 MHz to 1.678 GHz in 100 Hz steps. Unused channels have
884
a frequency value of 0. The CFList is OPTIONAL and its presence can be detected by the
885
length of the join-accept message. If present, the CFList SHALL replace all the previous
886
channels stored in the end-device apart from the three default channels.
887
The newly defined channels are immediately enabled and usable by the end-device for
888
communication.
889
2.7.5 EU433 LinkAdrReq command
890
The EU433 LoRaWAN® only supports a maximum of 16 channels. When ChMaskCntl field
891
is 0 the ChMask field individually enables/disables each of the 16 channels.
892
893
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
RFU
..
..
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All channels ON : The device SHALL enable all currently defined channels
regardless of the ChMask field value.
7
RFU
Table 36: EU433 ChMaskCntl value table
894
If the ChMask field value is one of the values meaning RFU, then end-device SHALL
29
reject
895
the command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
896
2.7.6 EU433 Maximum payload size
897
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table. It is derived from
898
limitation of the PHY layer depending on the effective modulation rate used taking into account
899
a possible repeater encapsulation layer. The maximum application payload length in the
900
absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field (N) is also given for information only. The value
901
of N might be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
902
903
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
230
222
5
230
222
6
230
222
29
Made SHALL from SHOULD starting in LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters Specification 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
7
230
222
8:15
Not defined
Table 37: EU433 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
904
905
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
906
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHALL be:
907
908
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
250
242
5
250
242
6
250
242
7
250
242
8:15
Not defined
Table 38 : EU433 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
909
2.7.7 EU433 Receive windows
910
By default, the RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink. The data
911
rate is a function of the uplink data rate and the RX1DROffset as given by the following table.
912
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:5] range. Values in the range [6:7] are
913
reserved for future use.
914
915
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR6
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR7
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
Table 39 : EU433 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
916
The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are
917
434.665 MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz).
918
2.7.8 EU433 Class B beacon and default downlink channel
919
The beacons SHALL be transmitted using the following settings
920
DR
3
Corresponds to SF9 spreading factor with 125 kHz BW
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses inverted
signal polarity
Table 40 : EU433 beacon settings
921
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
30
922
The beacon default broadcast frequency is 434.665 MHz.
923
The class B default downlink pingSlot frequency is 434.665 MHz
924
2.7.9 EU433 Default Settings
925
There are no specific default settings for the EU 433 MHz ISM Band.
926
927
30
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
2
4
2
7
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.8 AU915-928 MHz Band
31
928
This section defines the regional parameters for Australia and all other countries whose
929
band extends from 915 to 928 MHz spectrum.
930
2.8.1 AU915-928 Preamble Format
931
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
932
2.8.2 AU915-928 Band Channel Frequencies
933
The AU915-928 Band SHALL be divided into the following channel plans.
934
• Upstream – 64 channels numbered 0 to 63 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW varying from
935
DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 915.2 MHz and incrementing linearly
936
by 200 kHz to 927.8 MHz
937
• Upstream – 8 channels numbered 64 to 71 utilizing LoRa 500 kHz BW at DR6 or LR-
938
FHSS 1.523 MHz BW at DR7 starting at 915.9 MHz and incrementing linearly by 1.6
939
MHz to 927.1 MHz
940
• Downstream – 8 channels numbered 0 to 7 utilizing LoRa 500 kHz BW at DR8 to
941
DR13) starting at 923.3 MHz and incrementing linearly by 600 kHz to 927.5 MHz
942
943
944
Figure 2: AU915-928 channel frequencies
945
AU915-928 band end-devices MAY use a maximum EIRP of +30 dBm.
946
AU915-928 end-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 915 to 928 MHz frequency
947
band and SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of 72 channels. A
948
channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates usable on this
949
frequency.
950
If using the over-the-air activation procedure, the end-device SHALL broadcast the Join-
951
Request message alternatively on a random 125 kHz channel amongst the 64 channels
952
defined using DR2 and on a 500 kHz channel amongst the 8 channels defined using DR6.
953
The end-device SHOULD change channel for every transmission.
954
955
For rapid network acquisition in mixed gateway channel plan environments, the device
956
SHOULD follow a random channel selection sequence which efficiently probes the octet
957
groups of eight 125 kHz channels followed by probing one 500 kHz channel each pass.
958
Each consecutive pass SHOULD NOT select a channel that was used in a previous pass,
959
until a Join-request is transmitted on every channel, after which the entire process can
960
restart.
961
31
Defined in the LoRaWAN® 1.0.1 specification
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Example: First pass: Random channel from [0-7], followed by [8-15]… [56-63], then 64
962
Second pass: Random channel from [0-7], followed by [8-15]… [56-63], then
963
65
964
Last pass: Random channel from [0-7], followed by [8-15]… [56-63], then 71
965
Personalized devices SHALL have all 72 channels enabled following a reset and SHALL use
966
the channels for which the device’s default data-rate is valid.
967
968
The default Join-Request Data Rate SHALL be DR2 (SF10/125 kHz), this setting ensures
969
that end-devices are compatible with the 400ms dwell time limitation until the actual dwell
970
time limit is notified to the end-device by the network server via the MAC command
971
TxParamSetupReq.
972
973
AU915-928 end-devices SHALL consider UplinkDwellTime = 1 during boot stage until
974
reception of the TxParamSetupReq command.
975
976
AU915-928 end-devices SHALL always consider DownlinkDwellTime = 0, since downlink
977
channels use 500 kHz bandwidth without any dwell time limit.
978
2.8.3 AU915-928 Data Rate and End-point Output Power encoding
979
The TxParamSetupReq and TxParamSetupAns MAC commands SHALL be implemented by
980
AU915-928 devices.
981
982
If the field UplinkDwellTime is set to 1 by the network server in the TxParamSetupReq
983
command, AU915-928 end-devices SHALL adjust the time between two consecutive uplink
984
transmissions to meet the local regulation. Twenty seconds (20s) are recommended
985
between 2 uplink transmissions when UplinkDwellTime = 1 but this value MAY be adjusted
986
depending on local regulation.
987
988
There is no such constraint on time between two consecutive transmissions when
989
UplinkDwellTime = 0.
990
991
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and end-point EIRP (TXPower) in the
992
AU915-928 band:
993
994
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative
physical bit
rate [bit/sec]
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
6
LoRa: SF8 / 500 kHz
12500
7
LR-FHSS CR1/3: 1.523 MHz BW
162
8
LoRa: SF12 / 500 kHz
980
9
LoRa: SF11 / 500 kHz
1760
10
LoRa: SF10 / 500 kHz
3900
11
LoRa: SF9 / 500 kHz
7000
12
LoRa: SF8 / 500 kHz
12500
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
13
LoRa: SF7 / 500 kHz
21900
14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]32
Table 41: AU915-928 DataRate table
995
996
Note: DR6 is purposely identical to DR12, DR8...13 refer to data rates
997
that are only used for downlink messages.
998
999
AU915-928 devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
1000
1. [DR0 to DR6] and [DR8 to DR13] (minimum set supported for certification)
1001
2. [DR0 to DR13] (all data rates implemented)
1002
In both cases all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented (meaning no
1003
intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
1004
1005
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
1006
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
1007
during data rate back-off:
1008
UplinkDwellTime=0
UplinkDwellTime=1
DRcurrent
DRnext
DRcurrent
DRnext
0
NA
NA
NA
1
0
NA
NA
2
1
2
NA
3
2
3
2
4
3
4
3
5
4
5
4
6
5
6
5
7
0
7
2
DR 8 to DR15 are either RFU, reserved or only used in downlink
Table 42: AU915-928 Data Rate Backoff table
1009
1010
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
Max EIRP
1:14
Max EIRP – 2*TXPower
15
Defined in [TS001]32
Table 43 : AU915-928 TX power table
1011
1012
EIRP refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
1013
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
1014
gain is expressed in dBi.
1015
1016
By default, the Max EIRP is considered to be +30dBm. The Max EIRP can be modified by
1017
the network server through the TxParamSetupReq MAC command and SHALL be used by
1018
both the end-device and the network server once TxParamSetupReq is acknowledged by
1019
the device via TxParamSetupAns.
1020
2.8.4 AU915-928 Join-Accept CFList
1021
1022
The AU915-928 LoRaWAN® supports the use of the OPTIONAL CFlist appended to the
1023
Join-Accept message. If the CFlist is not empty, then the CFListType field SHALL contain
1024
32
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
the value one (0x01) to indicate the CFList contains a series of ChMask fields. The ChMask
1025
fields are interpreted as being controlled by a virtual ChMaskCntl that initializes to a value of
1026
zero (0) and increments for each ChMask field to a value of four (4). (The first 16 bits
1027
controls the channels 0 to 15...)
1028
1029
Size
(bytes)
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[3]
[1]
CFList
ChMask0
ChMask1
ChMask2
ChMask3
ChMask4
RFU
RFU
CFListType
2.8.5 AU915-928 LinkAdrReq command
1030
For the AU915-928 version the ChMaskCntl field of the LinkADRReq command has the
1031
following meaning:
1032
1033
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
Channels 16 to 31
..
..
4
Channels 64 to 71
5
8LSBs control Channel Blocks 0 to 7 (8MSBs are RFU)
6
All 125 kHz ON : ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
7
All 125 kHz OFF : ChMask applies to channels 64 to 71
Table 44: AU915-928 ChMaskCntl value table
1034
If ChMaskCntl = 5
33
then the corresponding bits in the ChMask enable and disable a bank of
1035
8 125 kHz channels and the corresponding 500 kHz channel defined by the following
1036
calculation: [ChannelMaskBit * 8, ChannelMaskBit * 8 +7],64+ChannelMaskBit.
1037
If ChMaskCntl = 6 then 125 kHz channels are enabled, if ChMaskCntl = 7 then 125 kHz
1038
channels are disabled. Simultaneously the channels 64 to 71 are set according to the ChMask
1039
bit mask. The Data Rate specified in the command need not be valid for channels specified in
1040
the ChMask, as it governs the global operational state of the end-device.
1041
2.8.6 AU915-928 Maximum payload size
1042
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table for both uplink
1043
dwell time configurations: No Limit and 400ms. It is derived from the maximum allowed
1044
transmission time at the PHY layer taking into account a possible repeater encapsulation. The
1045
maximum application payload length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts MAC control
1046
field (N) is also given for information only. The value of N might be smaller if the FOpts field
1047
is not empty:
1048
1049
Data Rate
UplinkDwellTime=0
UplinkDwellTime=1
M
N
M
N
0
59
51
N/A
N/A
1
59
51
N/A
N/A
2
59
51
19
11
3
123
115
61
53
4
230
222
133
125
5
230
222
230
222
6
230
222
230
222
7
58
50
58
50
33
Added in LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters Specification version 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
8
61
53
61
53
9
137
129
137
129
10
230
222
230
222
11
230
222
230
222
12
230
222
230
222
13
230
222
230
222
14:15
Not defined
Not defined
Table 45: AU915-928 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
1050
For AU915-928, DownlinkDwellTime SHALL be set to 0 (no limit). The 400ms dwell time
1051
MAY apply to uplink channels depending on the local regulations.
1052
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
1053
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHALL be:
1054
1055
Data Rate
UplinkDwellTime=0
UplinkDwellTime=1
M
N
M
N
0
59
51
N/A
N/A
1
59
51
N/A
N/A
2
59
51
19
11
3
123
115
61
53
4
250
242
133
125
5
250
242
250
242
6
250
242
250
242
7
58
50
58
50
8
61
53
61
53
9
137
129
137
129
10
250
242
250
242
11
250
242
250
242
12
250
242
250
242
13
250
242
250
242
14:15
Not defined
Not defined
Table 46: AU915-928 Maximum repeater payload size
1056
1057
2.8.7 AU915-928 Receive windows
1058
• The RX1 receive channel is a function of the upstream channel used to initiate the
1059
data exchange. The RX1 receive channel can be determined as follows.
1060
o RX1 Channel Number = Transmit Channel Number modulo 8
1061
• The RX1 window data rate depends on the transmit data rate (see Table 22 below).
1062
• The RX2 (second receive window) settings uses a fixed data rate and frequency.
1063
Default parameters are 923.3 MHz / DR8
1064
1065
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
DR0
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR1
DR9
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR2
DR10
DR9
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR3
DR11
DR10
DR9
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR4
DR12
DR11
DR10
DR9
DR8
DR8
DR5
DR13
DR12
DR11
DR10
DR9
DR8
DR6
DR13
DR13
DR12
DR11
DR10
DR9
DR7
DR9
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
DR8
Table 47 : AU915-928 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
1066
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1067
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:5] range. Values in the range [6:7] are
1068
reserved for future use.
1069
2.8.8 AU915-928 Class B beacon
1070
The beacons are transmitted using the following settings:
1071
DR
8
Corresponds to SF12 spreading factor with 500 kHz bw
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses
inverted signal polarity
frequencies
923.3 to 927.5MHz
with 600 kHz steps
Beaconing is performed on the same channel that
normal downstream traffic as defined in the Class A
specification
Table 48 : AU915-928 beacon settings
1072
The downstream channel used for a given beacon is:
1073
1074
Channel = 󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
1075
1076
• whereby beacon_time is the integer value of the 4 bytes “Time” field of the beacon
1077
frame
1078
• whereby beacon_period is the periodicity of beacons, 128 seconds
1079
• whereby floor(x) designates rounding to the integer immediately inferior or equal to x
1080
Example: the first beacon will be transmitted on 923.3 MHz, the second
1081
on 923.9 MHz, the 9th beacon will be on 923.3 MHz again.
1082
1083
Beacon channel nb
Frequency [MHz]
0
923.3
1
923.9
2
924.5
3
925.1
4
925.7
5
926.3
6
926.9
7
927.5
1084
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
34
1085
The default Class B PING_SLOT_CHANNEL is defined in the LoRaWAN® specification.
1086
2.8.9 AU915-928 Default Settings
1087
There are no specific default settings for AU 915-928 MHz Band.
1088
34
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
3
4
2
7
1
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
RFU
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.9 CN470-510 MHz Band
35
1089
Note: The CN470-510 channel plan has been significantly changed from
1090
prior revisions and should be considered experimental pending
1091
published documents confirming plan compliant devices have been
1092
granted local regulatory approval.
1093
2.9.1 CN470-510 Preamble Format
1094
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
1095
2.9.2 CN470-510 Band Channel Frequencies
1096
1097
In China, this band is defined by SRRC to be used for small scale networks covering civil
1098
metering applications in buildings, residential areas and villages. The transmission time shall
1099
not exceed one second and is limited to one channel at a time. For interferences mitigation,
1100
access to the physical medium requires a Listen Before Talk Adaptive Frequency Agility
1101
(LBT AFA) transmission management or other similar mechanisms like channels
1102
blacklisting.
1103
Note: The limitation of scope to small scale networks enters into effect
1104
after November 2021. Gateways and end-devices deployed prior to
1105
December 1, 2021 are not required to comply with this restriction.
1106
1107
In the areas where channels are used by China Broadcasting Services, they SHALL be
1108
disabled.
1109
1110
For the CN470-510 MHz band, the bandwidth is the biggest and the frequency is the lowest
1111
compared to all the countries and areas in this document. The bandwidth and the frequency
1112
affect the design of antennas. There are several different antenna solutions for CN470-510
1113
MHz band.
1114
1115
The CN470-510 MHz SRD Band shall be divided into the channel plans as follows:
1116
• The channel plan for 20 MHz antenna (type A and B)
1117
• The channel plan for 26 MHz antenna (type A and B)
1118
1119
20 common join channels are defined for all the channel plans mentioned above.
1120
1121
Common Join Channel
Index
UL
(MHz)
DL
(MHz)
Activate
20 MHz
plan A
Activate
20 MHz
plan B
Activate
26 MHz
plan A
Activate
26 MHz
plan B
0
470.9
484.5
X
1
472.5
486.1
X
2
474.1
487.7
X
3
475.7
489.3
X
4
504.1
490.9
X
5
505.7
492.5
X
6
507.3
494.1
X
7
508.9
495.7
X
8
479.9
479.9
X
9
499.9
499.9
X
10
470.3
492.5
X
11
472.3
492.5
X
12
474.3
492.5
X
13
476.3
492.5
X
35
Heavily modified, and not backwardly compatible with, CN470-510 as previously defined in v1.0
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
14
478.3
492.5
X
15
480.3
502.5
X
16
482.3
502.5
X
17
484.3
502.5
X
18
486.3
502.5
X
19
488.3
502.5
X
Table 49: Common join channels for CN470-510 channel frequencies
1122
1123
All the above channel plans SHALL be implemented in the CN470 end-devices.
1124
End devices SHALL scan all the common join channels. If the end-device receives the join-
1125
accept message from one of the above DL common join channel, the end-device SHALL
1126
use the corresponding channel plan
36
in the above table.
1127
2.9.2.1 Channel Plan for 20 MHz Antenna
1128
For 20 MHz Antennas, the CN470-510 MHz Band shall be divided into two channel plans:
1129
plan Type A and plan Type B.
1130
For channel plan Type A:
1131
• Upstream (Group 1) – 32 channels numbered 0 to 31 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1132
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 470.3 MHz and
1133
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 476.5 MHz
1134
• Downstream (Group 1) – 32 channels numbered 0 to 31 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1135
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 483.9 MHz and
1136
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 490.1 MHz
1137
• Downstream (Group 2) – 32 channels numbered 32 to 63 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1138
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 490.3 MHz and
1139
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 496.5 MHz
1140
• Upstream (Group 2) – 32 channels numbered 32 to 63 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1141
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 503.5 MHz and
1142
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 509.7 MHz
1143
1144
Table 50: channel plan type A for 20MHz antenna channel frequencies
1145
1146
For channel plan Type B:
1147
• Upstream (Group 1) – 32 channels numbered 0 to 31 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1148
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 476.9 MHz and
1149
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 483.1 MHz.
1150
• Downstream (Group 1) – 32 channels numbered 0 to 31 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1151
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 476.9 MHz and
1152
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 483.1 MHz.
1153
• Upstream (Group 2) – 32 channels numbered 32 to 63 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1154
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 496.9 MHz and
1155
36
The corresponding channel plan can be determined by the uplink join channel, which corresponds
to a pair of common join channels including UL and DL. The DL join channel is the channel from
which the end-device receives the join-accept message.
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 503.1 MHz.
1156
• Downstream (Group 2) – 32 channels numbered 32 to 63 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW
1157
varying from DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 496.9 MHz and
1158
incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 503.1 MHz.
1159
1160
Table 51: channel plan type B for 20MHz antenna channel frequencies
1161
2.9.2.2 Channel Plan for 26 MHz antenna
1162
For 26 MHz Antennas, the CN470-510 MHz Band shall be divided into two channel plans:
1163
plan Type A and plan Type B.
1164
For channel plan Type A:
1165
• Upstream – 48 channels numbered 0 to 47 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW varying from
1166
DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 470.3 MHz and incrementing linearly by
1167
200 kHz to 479.7 MHz
1168
• Downstream – 24 channels numbered 0 to 23 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW at DR0 to
1169
DR5, starting at 490.1 MHz and incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 494.7 MHz.
1170
Additional frequencies from 494.9 to 495.9 MHz are available for configurable downlink
1171
parameters (beacon frequency, ping-slot frequency and RX2 frequency).
1172
1173
Table 52: channel plan type A for 26MHz antenna channel frequencies
1174
For channel plan Type B:
1175
• Upstream – 48 channels numbered 0 to 47 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW varying from
1176
DR0 to DR5, using coding rate 4/5, starting at 480.3 MHz and incrementing linearly by
1177
200 kHz to 489.7 MHz
1178
• Downstream – 24 channels numbered 0 to 23 utilizing LoRa 125 kHz BW at DR0 to
1179
DR5, starting at 500.1 MHz and incrementing linearly by 200 kHz to 504.7 MHz.
1180
Additional frequencies from 504.9 to 505.9 MHz are available for configurable downlink
1181
parameters (beacon frequency, ping-slot frequency and RX2 frequency).
1182
1183
Table 53: channel plan type B for 26MHz antenna channel frequencies
1184
1185
470.3
479.7
490.1
48 uplink channels
24 downlink channels
494.7
480.3
489.7
500.1
48 uplink
channels
24 downlink channels
504.7
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
If using the over-the-air activation procedure, the end-device SHALL broadcast the Join-
1186
Request message on a random 125 kHz channel amongst the 20 uplink channels defined
1187
previously in this section using DR5 to DR0.
1188
Personalized devices SHALL have all channels enabled corresponding to activation plan
1189
following a reset.
1190
2.9.3 CN470-510 Data Rate and End-point Output Power encoding
1191
The TxParamSetupReq MAC command is not implemented by CN470-510 devices.
1192
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and end-point EIRP (TXPower) in the
1193
CN470-510 band:
1194
1195
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative
physical bit
rate [bit/sec]
TXPower
Configuration
(EIRP)
037
LoRa: SF12/ 125 kHz
250
0
Max EIRP
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
LoRa:SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
LoRa:SF7 / 500 kHz
21900
6
Max EIRP – 12dB
7
FSK: 50 Kbps
50000
7
Max EIRP – 14dB
8:14
RFU
8…14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]38
15
Defined in [TS001]38
Table 54: CN470-510 Data rate and TX power table
1196
1197
CN470-510 end-devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
1198
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
1199
2. DR0 to DR7
1200
For both of the options all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented
1201
(meaning no intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
1202
1203
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
1204
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
1205
during data rate back-off:
1206
DRcurrent
DRnext
Comment
0
NA
Already the lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
4
6
5
7
6
Table 55: CN470-510 Data Rate Backoff table
1207
37
As of RP002-1.0.1, DR0 is unavailable for devices implementing CN470-510, but remains defined
to better support existing implementations.
38
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1208
EIRP refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
1209
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
1210
gain is expressed in dBi.
1211
By default, the Max EIRP is considered to be +19 dBm. If the end-device cannot achieve 19
1212
dBm EIRP, the Max EIRP SHOULD be communicated to the network server using an out-of-
1213
band channel during the end-device commissioning process.
1214
2.9.4 CN470-510 Join-Accept CFList
1215
1216
The CN470 LoRaWAN® supports the use of the OPTIONAL CFlist appended to the Join-
1217
Accept message. If the CFlist is not empty, then the CFListType field SHALL contain the
1218
value one (0x01) to indicate the CFList contains a series of ChMask fields. The ChMask
1219
fields are interpreted as being controlled by a virtual ChMaskCntl that initializes to a value of
1220
zero (0) and increments for each ChMask field to a value of four (3) for 20 MHz plans A or B
1221
and three (2) for 26 MHz plans A or B. (The first 16 bits controls the channels 0 to 15...)
1222
1223
For 20 MHz Antenna Systems:
1224
Size
(bytes)
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[3]
[1]
CFList
ChMask0
ChMask1
ChMask2
ChMask3
RFU
RFU
RFU
CFListType
1225
For 26 MHz Antenna Systems:
1226
1227
Size
(bytes)
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
[3]
[1]
CFList
ChMask0
ChMask1
ChMask2
RFU
RFU
RFU
RFU
CFListType
1228
2.9.5 CN470-510 LinkAdrReq command
1229
2.9.5.1 Channel Plan for 20 MHz antenna
1230
1231
For 20 MHz antenna the ChMaskCntl field of the LinkADRReq command has the following
1232
meaning:
1233
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
Channels 16 to 31
2
Channels 32 to 47
3
Channels 48 to 63
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All Channels Enabled
7
All Channels Disabled39
Table 56:CH470 ChMaskCntl value table for 20M Antenna
1234
39
This command must be followed by another LinkADRReq command enabling at least one
channel.
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1235
If the ChMask field value is one of the values indicating RFU, then end-device SHALL reject
1236
the command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
1237
2.9.5.2 Channel Plan for 26 MHz antenna
1238
1239
The ChMaskCntl field of the LinkADRReq command has the following meaning:
1240
1241
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
Channels 16 to 31
2
Channels 32 to 47
3
All channels Enabled
4
All channels Disabled40
5
RFU
6
RFU
7
RFU
Table 57: CH470 ChMaskCntl value table for 26M Antenna
1242
1243
If the ChMask field value is one of the values indicating RFU, the end-device SHALL reject
1244
the command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
1245
2.9.6 CN470-510 Maximum payload size
1246
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table. It is derived from
1247
the maximum allowed transmission time at the PHY layer taking into account a possible
1248
repeater encapsulation. The maximum application payload length in the absence of the
1249
OPTIONAL FOpts MAC control field (N) is also given for information only. The value of N
1250
might be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
1251
1252
Data Rate
M
N
037
N/A
N/A
1
31
23
2
94
86
3
192
184
4
230
222
5
230
222
6
230
222
7
230
222
8:15
Not defined
Table 58: CN470-510 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
1253
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
1254
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHALL be:
1255
1256
Data Rate
M
N
037
N/A
N/A
1
31
23
2
94
86
3
192
184
4
250
242
40
This command must be followed by another LinkADRReq command enabling at least one channel
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
5
250
242
6
250
242
7
250
242
8:15
Not defined
Table 59: CN470-510 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
1257
1258
2.9.7 CN470-510 Receive windows
1259
The RX1 data rate depends on the transmit data rate (see Table 60 below).
1260
The RX2 default data rate is DR1.
1261
1262
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
0
1
2
3
4
5
DR037
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR1
DR1
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR1
DR6
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR7
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
Table 60: CN470-510 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
1263
1264
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:5] range. Values in the range [6:7] are
1265
reserved for future use.
1266
2.9.7.1 Channel Plan for 20 MHz Antenna Systems
1267
For channel plan Type A:
1268
o The RX1 downlink channel is the same as the uplink channel number
1269
o The RX2 channel number for OTAA devices is defined in Table 61
1270
o The RX2 channel number for ABP devices is 486.9 MHz
1271
1272
Common Join Channel
Index used in OTAA
RX2 Default
Frequency
0
485.3 MHz
1
486.9 MHz
2
488.5 MHz
3
490.1 MHz
4
491.7 MHz
5
493.3 MHz
6
494.9 MHz
7
496.5 MHz
Table 61: RX2 Default Frequency for channel plan type A for 20 MHz antenna
1273
For channel plan Type B:
1274
o The RX1 downlink channel is the same as the uplink channel number
1275
o The RX2 channel number for OTAA devices is defined in Table 62
1276
o The RX2 channel number for ABP devices is 498.3 MHz
1277
1278
Common Join Channel
Index used in OTAA
RX2 Default
Frequency
8
478.3 MHz
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
9
498.3 MHz
Table 62: RX2 Default Frequency for channel plan type B for 20 MHz antenna
1279
2.9.7.2 Channel Plan for 26 MHz Antenna Systems
1280
• For both plans, the RX1 receive channel is a function of the upstream channel used to
1281
initiate the data exchange. The RX1 receive channel can be determined as follows.
1282
o RX1 Channel Number = Transmit Channel Number modulo 24
1283
• The RX2 default frequency is:
1284
o For Channel plan A: 492.5 MHz
1285
o For Channel plan B: 502.5 MHz
1286
2.9.8 CN470-510 Class B beacon
1287
1288
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
41
1289
The beacons are transmitted using the following settings:
1290
1291
DR
2
Corresponds to SF10 spreading factor with 125 kHz bw
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses
inverted signal polarity
frequencies
Defined per plan below
Table 63 : CN470-510 beacon settings
1292
2.9.8.1 Default Beacon and Ping-Slot Channel Numbers and Ping-Slots for 20 MHz
1293
Antenna Systems
1294
By default, for channel plan Type A:
1295
The downstream channel used for beacon is as the following table according to the common
1296
join channel the end-device used:
1297
1298
Common Join
Channel Index
Beacon Channel Number
0
 

1
8 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
2
16 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
3
24 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
4
32 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
5
40 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
6
48 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
7
56 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
Table 64: Beacon Channel Number for channel plan type A for 20 MHz antenna
1299
41
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
3
4
2
7
1
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
RFU
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1300
• whereby beacon_time is the integer value of the 4 bytes “Time” field of the beacon
1301
frame
1302
• whereby beacon_period is the periodicity of beacons, 128 seconds
1303
• whereby floor(x) designates rounding to the integer immediately inferior or equal to
1304
x
1305
1306
The downstream channel used for a Ping-slot channel is as the following table according to
1307
the common join channel the end-device used:
1308
1309
Common Join
Channel Index
Ping-slot Channel Number
0
 

1
8 +󰇣󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
2
16 +󰇣 󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
3
24 +󰇣 󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
4
32 +󰇣 󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
5
40 +󰇣 󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
6
48 +󰇣 󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
7
56 +󰇣 󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
Table 65: Ping-slot Channel Number for channel plan type A for 20 MHz antenna
1310
1311
By default, for channel plan Type B:
1312
The downstream channel used for beacon is as the following table according to the common
1313
join channel the end-device used:
1314
1315
Common Join
Channel Index
Beacon Channel Number
8
23
9
55
Table 66: Beacon Channel Number for channel plan type B for 20 MHz antenna
1316
1317
• whereby beacon_time is the integer value of the 4 bytes “Time” field of the beacon
1318
frame
1319
• whereby beacon_period is the periodicity of beacons, 128 seconds
1320
• whereby floor(x) designates rounding to the integer immediately inferior or equal to
1321
x
1322
1323
The downstream channel used for a Ping-slot channel is as the following table according to
1324
the common join channel the end-device used:
1325
1326
Common Join
Channel Index
Ping-slot Channel Number
8
 

9
32 +󰇣 󰇡 
󰇢󰇤
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Table 67: Ping-slot Channel Number for channel plan type B for 20MHz antenna
1327
1328
2.9.8.2 Default Beacon and Ping-Slot Frequencies for 26 MHz antenna Systems
1329
By default, beacons and downlink ping-slot messages are transmitted using the following
1330
frequencies:
1331
For Channel Plan A: 494.9 MHz
1332
For Channel Plan B: 504.9 MHz
1333
2.9.9 CN470-510 Default Settings
1334
There are no specific default settings for the CN470-510 MHz Band.
1335
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.10 AS923 MHz Band
1336
2.10.1 AS923 Preamble Format
1337
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
1338
2.10.2 AS923 Band Channel Frequencies
1339
This section was originally intended to apply to regions where the frequencies [915…928 MHz]
1340
are present in an unlicensed LPWAN band but MAY also apply to regions with available bands
1341
in frequencies up to 1.67 GHz.
1342
In order to accommodate country specific sub-bands across 915 - 928 MHz band, a frequency
1343
offset parameter AS923_FREQ_OFFSET is defined. AS923_FREQ_OFFSET is a 32-bit
1344
signed integer, allowing both positive and negative frequency offsets.
1345
The corresponding frequency offset in Hz is:
1346
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ = 100 x AS923_FREQ_OFFSET.
1347
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET only applies to end-device default settings. AS923_FREQ_OFFSET
1348
does not apply any frequencies delivered to end-device from network server through MAC
1349
commands or the CFList.
1350
AS923 end-devices operated in Japan SHALL perform Listen Before Talk (LBT) based on
1351
ARIB STD-T108 regulations. The ARIB STD-T108 regulation is available for free and should
1352
be consulted as needed by the user.
1353
The end-device’s LBT requirement, maximum transmission time, duty cycle or other
1354
parameters MAY be dependent on frequency of each transmission.
1355
The network channels can be freely assigned by the network operator. However, the two
1356
following default channels SHALL be implemented in every AS923 end-device. Those
1357
channels are the minimum set that all network gateways SHALL always be listening on.
1358
1359
Modulation
Bandwidth
[kHz]
Channel Frequency [Hz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
Duty
cycle
LoRa
125
923200000 +
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ
DR0 to DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
2
< 1%
923400000 +
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ
Table 68: AS923 default channels
1360
For devices compliant with TS001-1.0.x, those default channels SHALL NOT be modified
1361
through the NewChannelReq command. For devices compliant with TS001-1.1.x and
1362
beyond, these channels MAY be modified through the NewChannelReq but SHALL be reset
1363
during the backoff procedure defined in TS001-1.1.1 to guarantee a minimal common channel
1364
set between end-devices and network gateways.
1365
AS923 end-devices SHOULD use the following default parameters
1366
• Default EIRP: 16 dBm
1367
AS923 end-devices SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of at least
1368
16 channels. A channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates
1369
usable on this frequency.
1370
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
1371
broadcast the Join-Request message.
1372
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Modulation
Bandwidth
[kHz]
Channel Frequency [Hz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
Duty
cycle
LoRa
125
923200000 +
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ
DR2 to DR5
/ 0.9-5 kbps
2
< 1%
923400000 +
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ
Table 69: AS923 Join-Request Channel List
1373
1374
The default Join-Request Data Rate utilizes the range DR2-DR5 (SF10/125 kHz – SF7/125
1375
kHz), this setting ensures that end-devices are compatible with the 400ms dwell time limitation
1376
until the actual dwell time limit is notified to the end-device by the network server via the MAC
1377
command TxParamSetupReq.
1378
1379
The Join-Request message transmit duty-cycle SHALL follow the rules described in chapter
1380
“Retransmissions back-off” of the LoRaWAN® specification document.
1381
2.10.3 AS923 Data Rate and End-point Output Power encoding
1382
The “TxParamSetupReq/Ans” MAC command SHALL be implemented by the AS923 devices.
1383
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) in the AS923 band:
1384
1385
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative physical
bit rate [bit/s]
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
6
LoRa: SF7 / 250 kHz
11000
7
FSK: 50 kbps
50000
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]42
Table 70: AS923 Data rate table
1386
1387
AS923 end-devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
1388
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
1389
2. DR0 to DR7
1390
For both of the options all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented
1391
(meaning no intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
1392
1393
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
1394
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
1395
during data rate back-off:
1396
UplinkDwellTime=0
UplinkDwellTime=1
DRcurrent
DRnext
DRcurrent
DRnext
0
NA
NA
NA
1
0
NA
NA
42
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2
1
2
NA
3
2
3
2
4
3
4
3
5
4
5
4
6
5
6
5
7
6
7
6
Table 71: AS923 Data Rate Backoff table
1397
1398
The TXPower table indicates power levels relative to the Max EIRP level of the end-device,
1399
as per the following table:
1400
1401
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
Max EIRP
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
Max EIRP – 12dB
7
Max EIRP – 14dB
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]42
Table 72: AS923 TXPower table
1402
1403
EIRP refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
1404
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
1405
gain is expressed in dBi.
1406
By default, the Max EIRP SHALL be 16 dBm.The Max EIRP can be modified by the network
1407
server through the TxParamSetupReq MAC command and SHOULD be used by both the
1408
end-device and the network server once TxParamSetupReq is acknowledged by the device
1409
via TxParamSetupAns,
1410
2.10.4 AS923 Join-Accept CFList
1411
The AS923 LoRaWAN® implements an OPTIONAL channel frequency list (CFlist) of 16 octets
1412
in the Join-Accept message.
1413
In this case the CFList is a list of five channel frequencies for the channels two to six whereby
1414
each frequency is encoded as a 24 bits unsigned integer (three octets). All these channels are
1415
usable for DR0 to DR5 125 KHz LoRa modulation subject to local regulatory dwell-time
1416
limitations. The list of frequencies is followed by a single CFListType octet for a total of 16
1417
octets. The CFListType SHALL be equal to zero (0) to indicate that the CFList contains a list
1418
of frequencies.
1419
1420
Size
(bytes)
3
3
3
3
3
1
CFList
Freq Ch2
Freq Ch3
Freq Ch4
Freq Ch5
Freq Ch6
CFListType
1421
The actual channel frequency in Hz is 100 x frequency whereby values representing
1422
frequencies below 100 MHz are reserved for future use. This allows setting the frequency of
1423
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
a channel anywhere between 100 MHz and 1.678 GHz in 100 Hz steps. Unused channels
1424
have a frequency value of 0. The CFList is OPTIONAL and its presence can be detected by
1425
the length of the join-accept message. If present, the CFList replaces all the previous channels
1426
stored in the end-device apart from the two default channels. The newly defined channels are
1427
immediately enabled and usable by the end-device for communication.
1428
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET does not apply any frequencies delivered to end-device from network
1429
server through MAC commands or the CFList. Therefore, AS923 end-devices SHALL NOT
1430
apply AS923_FREQ_OFFSET to the channel frequencies defined in the CFList
1431
2.10.5 AS923 LinkAdrReq command
1432
The AS923 LoRaWAN® only supports a maximum of 16 channels. When ChMaskCntl field
1433
is 0 the ChMask field individually enables/disables each of the 16 channels.
1434
1435
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
RFU
2
RFU
3
RFU
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All channels ON - The device SHOULD enable all currently defined
channels independently of the ChMask field value.
7
RFU
Table 73: AS923 ChMaskCntl value table
1436
If the ChMask field value is one of values meaning RFU, the end-device SHALL reject the
1437
command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
1438
2.10.6 AS923 Maximum payload size
1439
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table for both
1440
UplinkDwellTime and DownlinkDwellTime configurations: No Limit and 400ms. It is derived
1441
from the maximum allowed transmission time at the PHY layer taking into account a possible
1442
repeater encapsulation layer. The maximum application payload length in the absence of the
1443
OPTIONAL FOpts MAC control field (N) is also given for information only. The value of N
1444
might be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
1445
1446
Data Rate
DwellTime=0
(No limit)
DwellTime=1
(400 ms limit)
M
N
M
N
0
59
51
N/A
N/A
1
59
51
N/A
N/A
2
123
115
19
11
3
123
115
61
53
4
230
222
133
125
5
230
222
230
222
6
230
222
230
222
7
230
222
230
222
8:15
Not defined
Not defined
Table 74: AS923 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
1447
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
1448
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHALL be:
1449
1450
Data Rate
DwellTime=0
(No limit)
DwellTime=1
(400 ms limit)
M
N
M
N
0
59
51
N/A
N/A
1
59
51
N/A
N/A
2
123
115
19
11
3
123
115
61
53
4
250
242
133
125
5
250
242
250
242
6
250
242
250
242
7
250
242
250
242
8:15
Not defined
Not defined
Table 75: AS923 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
1451
The end-device SHALL only enforce the maximum Downlink MAC Payload Size defined for
1452
DownlinkDwellTime = 0 (no dwell time enforced) regardless of the actual setting. This
1453
prevents the end-device from discarding valid downlink messages which comply with the
1454
regulatory requirements which may be unknown to the device (for example, when the device
1455
is joining the network).
1456
2.10.7 AS923 Receive windows
1457
By default, the RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink. The data
1458
rate is a function of the uplink data rate and the RX1DROffset as given by the following table.
1459
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:7] range.
1460
Values in the [6:7] range allow setting the Downstream RX1 data rate higher than upstream
1461
data rate
43
.
1462
When DownlinkDwellTime is zero, the allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:7] range,
1463
encoded as per the below table.
1464
1465
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR3
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR4
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR5
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR6
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR7
DR7
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR7
DR7
Table 76: AS923 downlink RX1 data rate mapping for DownLinkDwellTime = 0
1466
1467
When DownlinkDwellTime is one, the allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:7] range,
1468
encoded as per the below table.
1469
1470
43
DR6 and DR7 are allowed in RX1 for AS923 since version RP2 1.0.0, in previous versions downlink
data rate was limited to DR5 in RX1.
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
DR0
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR3
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR3
DR4
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR4
DR5
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR5
DR6
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR2
DR2
DR6
DR7
DR6
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR2
DR7
DR7
DR7
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR7
DR7
Table 77: AS923 downlink RX1 data rate mapping for DownLinkDwellTime =1
1471
The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are
1472
923.2 MHz + AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ / DR2 (SF10/125 kHz).
1473
2.10.8 AS923 Class B beacon and default downlink channel
1474
The beacons SHALL be transmitted using the following settings
1475
DR
3
Corresponds to SF9 spreading factor with 125 kHz BW
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses inverted
signal polarity
Table 78 : AS923 beacon settings
1476
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
44
1477
The beacon default broadcast frequency is 923.4 MHz + AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ.
1478
The class B default downlink pingSlot frequency is 923.4 MHz + AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ.
1479
2.10.9 AS923 Default Settings
1480
Several default values of AS923_FREQ_OFFSET are defined to address all the different
1481
AS923 countries. The default values of AS923_FREQ_OFFSET are chosen to minimize their
1482
total number and cover a large number of countries. Four different groups are defined below
1483
according to AS923_FREQ_OFFSET default value.
1484
Group AS923-1: AS923_FREQ_OFFSET default value = 0x00000000,
1485
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ = 0 .0 MHz
1486
This group is composed of countries having available frequencies in the 915 – 928
1487
MHz range with common channels in the 923.0 – 923.5 MHz sub-band. These are the
1488
“historical” AS923 countries, compliant to RP2-1.0.0 specification and previous
1489
versions.
1490
Group AS923-2: AS923_FREQ_OFFSET default value = 0xFFFFB9B0,
1491
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ = -1.80 MHz
1492
This group is composed of countries having available frequencies in the 920 – 923
1493
MHz range with common channels in the 921.4 – 922.0 MHz sub-band.
1494
44
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
2
4
2
7
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Group AS923-3: AS923_FREQ_OFFSET default value = 0xFFFEFE30,
1495
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ = -6.60 MHz
1496
This group is composed of countries having available frequencies in the 915 – 921
1497
MHz range with common channels in the 916.5 – 917.0 MHz sub-band.
1498
Group AS923-4: AS923_FREQ_OFFSET default value = 0xFFFF1988,
1499
AS923_FREQ_OFFSET_HZ = -5.90 MHz
1500
This group is composed of countries having available frequencies in the 917 – 920
1501
MHz range with common channels in the 917.3 – 917.5 MHz sub-band.
1502
1503
There are no other specific default settings for the AS923 Band.
1504
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.11 KR920-923 MHz Band
1505
2.11.1 KR920-923 Preamble Format
1506
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
1507
2.11.2 KR920-923 Band Channel Frequencies
1508
The center frequency, bandwidth and maximum EIRP output power for the South Korea
1509
RFID/USN frequency band are defined by Korean Government, which has allocated LPWA
1510
based IoT networks the channel center frequencies from 920.9 to 923.3 MHz.
1511
1512
Center frequency (MHz)
Bandwidth (kHz)
Maximum EIRP output power (dBm)
For end-device
For gateway
920.9
125
10
23
921.1
125
10
23
921.3
125
10
23
921.5
125
10
23
921.7
125
10
23
921.9
125
10
23
922.1
125
14
23
922.3
125
14
23
922.5
125
14
23
922.7
125
14
23
922.9
125
14
23
923.1
125
14
23
923.3
125
14
23
Table 79: KR920-923 Center frequency, bandwidth, maximum EIRP output power table
1513
The three default channels correspond to 922.1, 922.3 and 922.5 MHz / DR0 to DR5 and
1514
SHALL be implemented in every KR920-923 end-device. For devices compliant with TS001-
1515
1.0.x, those default channels SHALL NOT be modified through the NewChannelReq
1516
command. For devices compliant with TS001-1.1.x and beyond, these channels MAY be
1517
modified through the NewChannelReq but SHALL be reset during the backoff procedure
1518
defined in TS001-1.1.1 to guarantee a minimal common channel set between end-devices
1519
and network gateways.
1520
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
1521
broadcast the Join-Request message. The Join-Request message transmit duty-cycle SHALL
1522
follow the rules described in chapter “Retransmissions back-off” of the LoRaWAN®
1523
specification document.
1524
1525
Modulation
Bandwidth [kHz]
Channel
Frequency [MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
LoRa
125
922.10
922.30
922.50
DR0 to DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
Table 80: KR920-923 default channels
1526
In order to access the physical medium, the South Korea regulations impose several
1527
restrictions. The South Korea regulations allow the choice of using either a duty-cycle
1528
limitation or Listen Before Talk Adaptive Frequency Agility (LBT AFA) transmission
1529
management. The current LoRaWAN® specification for the KR920-923 band exclusively uses
1530
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
LBT channel access rule to maximize MACPayload size length and comply with the South
1531
Korea regulations.
1532
KR920-923 MHz band end-devices SHALL use the following default parameters
1533
• Default EIRP output power for end-device(920.9~921.9 MHz): 10 dBm
1534
• Default EIRP output power for end-device(922.1~923.3 MHz): 14 dBm
1535
• Default EIRP output power for gateway: 23 dBm
1536
KR920-923 MHz end-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 920 to 923 MHz frequency
1537
band and SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of at least 16
1538
channels. A channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates usable
1539
on this frequency.
1540
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
1541
broadcast the Join-Request message.
1542
Modulation
Bandwidth [kHz]
Channel
Frequency
[MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb Channels
LoRa
125
922.10
922.30
922.50
DR0 to DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
Table 81: KR920-923 Join-Request Channel List
1543
2.11.3 KR920-923 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding
1544
There is no dwell time limitation for the KR920-923 PHY layer. The TxParamSetupReq MAC
1545
command is not implemented by KR920-923 devices.
1546
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR), and EIRP Output Power (TXPower) in the
1547
KR920-923 band:
1548
1549
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative physical
bit rate [bit/s]
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
6..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]45
Table 82: KR920-923 TX Data rate table
1550
1551
KR920-923 end-devices SHALL support the following data rates:
1552
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
1553
All data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented (meaning no intermediate DR
1554
may be left unimplemented)
1555
1556
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
1557
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
1558
during data rate back-off:
1559
45
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN1.0.4 and subsequent
specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
DRcurrent
DRnext
Comment
0
NA
Already the lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
4
Table 83: KR920-923 Data Rate Backoff table
1560
1561
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
Max EIRP
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
Max EIRP – 12dB
7
Max EIRP – 14dB
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]45
Table 84: KR920-923 TX power table
1562
1563
EIRP refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
1564
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
1565
gain is expressed in dBi.
1566
By default, the Max EIRP is considered to be +14 dBm. If the end-device cannot achieve 14
1567
dBm EIRP, the Max EIRP SHOULD be communicated to the network server using an out-of-
1568
band channel during the end-device commissioning process.
1569
1570
When the device transmits in a channel whose frequency is <922 MHz, the transmit power
1571
SHALL be limited to +10 dBm EIRP even if the current transmit power level set by the
1572
network server is higher.
1573
2.11.4 KR920-923 Join-Accept CFList
1574
The KR920-923 band LoRaWAN® implements an OPTIONAL channel frequency list
1575
(CFlist) of 16 octets in the Join-Accept message.
1576
In this case the CFList is a list of five channel frequencies for the channels three to seven
1577
whereby each frequency is encoded as a 24 bits unsigned integer (three octets). All these
1578
channels are usable for DR0 to DR5 125 kHz LoRa modulation. The list of frequencies is
1579
followed by a single CFListType octet for a total of 16 octets. The CFListType SHALL be equal
1580
to zero (0) to indicate that the CFList contains a list of frequencies.
1581
1582
Size
(bytes)
3
3
3
3
3
1
CFList
Freq Ch3
Freq Ch4
Freq Ch5
Freq Ch6
Freq Ch7
CFListType
The actual channel frequency in Hz is 100 x frequency whereby values representing
1583
frequencies below 100 MHz are reserved for future use. This allows setting the frequency of
1584
a channel anywhere between 100 MHz to 1.678 GHz in 100 Hz steps. Unused channels have
1585
a frequency value of 0. The CFList is OPTIONAL and its presence can be detected by the
1586
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
length of the join-accept message. If present, the CFList replaces all the previous channels
1587
stored in the end-device apart from the three default channels. The newly defined channels
1588
are immediately enabled and usable by the end-device for communication.
1589
2.11.5 KR920-923 LinkAdrReq command
1590
The KR920-923 LoRaWAN® only supports a maximum of 16 channels. When ChMaskCntl
1591
field is 0 the ChMask field individually enables/disables each of the 16 channels.
1592
1593
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
RFU
2
RFU
3
RFU
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All channels ON - The device SHOULD enable all currently defined
channels independently of the ChMask field value.
7
RFU
Table 85: KR920-923 ChMaskCntl value table
1594
1595
If the ChMaskCntl field value is one of values meaning RFU, the end-device SHALL
46
reject
1596
the command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
1597
2.11.6 KR920-923 Maximum payload size
1598
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table for the regulation
1599
of dwell time; less than 4 sec with LBT. It is derived from limitation of the PHY layer depending
1600
on the effective modulation rate used taking into account a possible repeater encapsulation
1601
layer. The maximum application payload length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts
1602
control field (N) is also given for information only. The value of N might be smaller if the FOpts
1603
field is not empty:
1604
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
230
222
5
230
222
6:15
Not defined
Table 86: KR920-923 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
1605
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
1606
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHOULD be:
1607
1608
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
250
242
5
250
242
46
Made SHALL from SHOULD starting in LoRaWAN Regional Parameters Specification 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
6:15
Not defined
Table 87 : KR920-923 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
1609
1610
2.11.7 KR920-923 Receive windows
1611
By default, the RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink. The data
1612
rate is a function of the uplink data rate and the RX1DROffset as given by the following table.
1613
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:5] range. Values in the [6:7] range are
1614
reserved for future use.
1615
1616
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
Table 88 : KR920-923 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
1617
The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are
1618
921.90 MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz).
1619
2.11.8 KR920-923 Class B beacon and default downlink channel
1620
The beacons SHALL be transmitted using the following settings
1621
DR
3
Corresponds to SF9 spreading factor with 125 kHz BW
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses inverted
signal polarity
Table 89 : KR920-923 beacon settings
1622
1623
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
47
1624
The beacon default broadcast frequency is 923.1 MHz.
1625
The class B default downlink pingSlot frequency is 923.1 MHz
1626
2.11.9 KR920-923 Default Settings
1627
There are no specific default settings for the KR920-923 MHz Band.
1628
47
Prior to LoRaWAN 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
2
4
2
7
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.12 IN865-867 MHz Band
1629
2.12.1 IN865-867 Preamble Format
1630
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
1631
2.12.2 IN865-867 Band Channel Frequencies
1632
This section applies to the Indian sub-continent.
1633
The network channels can be freely attributed by the network operator. However, the three
1634
following default channels SHALL be implemented in every India 865-867 MHz end-device.
1635
Those channels are the minimum set that all network gateways SHALL be listening on.
1636
1637
Modulation
Bandwidth
[kHz]
Channel
Frequency [MHz]
LoRa DR / Bitrate
Nb
Channels
LoRa
125
865.0625
865.4025
865.985
DR0 to DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
Table 90: IN865-867 default channels
1638
End-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 865 to 867 MHz frequency band and
1639
should feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of at least 16 channels. A
1640
channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates usable on this
1641
frequency.
1642
The first three channels correspond to 865.0625, 865.4025, and 865.985 MHz / DR0 to DR5
1643
and SHALL be implemented in every end-device. For devices compliant with TS001-1.0.x,
1644
those default channels SHALL NOT be modified through the NewChannelReq command. For
1645
devices compliant with TS001-1.1.x and beyond, these channels MAY be modified through
1646
the NewChannelReq but SHALL be reset during the backoff procedure defined in TS001-
1647
1.1.1 to guarantee a minimal common channel set between end-devices and network
1648
gateways.
1649
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
1650
broadcast the Join-Request message. The Join-Request message transmit duty-cycle SHALL
1651
follow the rules described in chapter “Retransmissions back-off” of the LoRaWAN®
1652
specification document.
1653
1654
Modulation
Bandwidth
[kHz]
Channel
Frequency [MHz]
LoRa DR / Bitrate
Nb
Channels
LoRa
125
865.0625
865.4025
865.9850
DR0 – DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
3
Table 91: IN865-867 Join-Request Channel List
1655
2.12.3 IN865-867 Data Rate and End-device Output Power Encoding
1656
There is no dwell time or duty-cycle limitation for the INDIA 865-867 PHY layer. The
1657
TxParamSetupReq MAC command is not implemented by INDIA 865-867 devices.
1658
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and End-device Output Power (TXPower)
1659
in the INDIA 865-867 band:
1660
1661
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative physical
bit rate [bit/s]
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
6
RFU
RFU
7
FSK: 50 kbps
50000
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]48
Table 92: IN865-867 TX Data rate table
1662
1663
IN865-867 end-devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
1664
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
1665
2. DR0 to DR6 and DR7
1666
For both of the options all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented
1667
(meaning no intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
1668
1669
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
1670
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
1671
during data rate back-off:
1672
DRcurrent
DRnext
Comment
0
NA
Already the lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
4
7
5
Table 93: IN865-867 DataRate Backoff table
1673
1674
The TXPower table indicates power levels relative to the Max EIRP level of the end-device,
1675
as per the following table:
1676
1677
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
Max EIRP
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
Max EIRP – 12dB
7
Max EIRP – 14dB
8
Max EIRP – 16dB
9
Max EIRP – 18dB
10
Max EIRP – 20dB
11..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]48
Table 94: IN865-867 TXPower table
1678
1679
48
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN1.0.4 and subsequent
specifications and were previously RFU
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
EIRP refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output power
1680
referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose gain is
1681
expressed in dBi.
1682
By default, Max EIRP is considered to be 30 dBm. If the end-device cannot achieve 30 dBm
1683
EIRP, the Max EIRP SHOULD be communicated to the network server using an out-of-band
1684
channel during the end-device commissioning process.
1685
2.12.4 IN865-867 Join-Accept CFList
1686
The India 865-867 band LoRaWAN® implements an OPTIONAL channel frequency list
1687
(CFlist) of 16 octets in the Join-Accept message.
1688
In this case the CFList is a list of five channel frequencies for the channels three to seven
1689
whereby each frequency is encoded as a 24 bits unsigned integer (three octets). All these
1690
channels are usable for DR0 to DR5 125 kHz LoRa modulation.
1691
The list of frequencies is followed by a single CFListType octet for a total of 16 octets. The
1692
CFListType SHALL be equal to zero (0) to indicate that the CFList contains a list of
1693
frequencies.
1694
1695
Size
(bytes)
3
3
3
3
3
1
CFList
Freq Ch3
Freq Ch4
Freq Ch5
Freq Ch6
Freq Ch7
CFListType
1696
The actual channel frequency in Hz is 100 x frequency whereby values representing
1697
frequencies below 100 MHz are reserved for future use. This allows setting the frequency of
1698
a channel anywhere between 100 MHz to 1.678 GHz in 100 Hz steps. Unused channels have
1699
a frequency value of 0. The CFList is OPTIONAL and its presence can be detected by the
1700
length of the join-accept message. If present, the CFList replaces all the previous channels
1701
stored in the end-device apart from the three default channels. The newly defined channels
1702
are immediately enabled and usable by the end-device for communication.
1703
2.12.5 IN865-867 LinkAdrReq command
1704
The INDIA 865-867 LoRaWAN® only supports a maximum of 16 channels. When
1705
ChMaskCntl field is 0 the ChMask field individually enables/disables each of the 16 channels.
1706
1707
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
RFU
2
RFU
3
RFU
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All channels ON - The device SHOULD enable all currently defined channels
independently of the ChMask field value.
7
RFU
Table 95: IN865-867 ChMaskCntl value table
1708
If the ChMaskCntl field value is one of values meaning RFU, the end-device SHALL
49
reject
1709
the command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
1710
49
Made SHALL from SHOULD starting in LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters Specification 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.12.6 IN865-867 Maximum payload size
1711
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table. It is derived from
1712
limitation of the PHY layer depending on the effective modulation rate used taking into account
1713
a possible repeater encapsulation layer. The maximum application payload length in the
1714
absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field (N) is also given for information only. The value
1715
of N might be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
1716
1717
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
230
222
5
230
222
7
230
222
8:15
Not defined
Table 96: IN865-867 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
1718
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
1719
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHOULD be:
1720
1721
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
250
242
5
250
242
7
250
242
8:15
Not defined
Table 97 : IN865-867 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
1722
2.12.7 IN865-867 Receive windows
1723
By default, the RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink. The data
1724
rate is a function of the uplink data rate and the RX1DROffset as given by the following table.
1725
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:7] range.
1726
Values in the [6:7] range allow setting the Downstream RX1 data rate higher than upstream
1727
data rate
50
.
1728
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:7] range, encoded as per the below table:
1729
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR2
DR1
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR3
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR3
DR4
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR4
DR5
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR5
DR5
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR5
DR7
DR7
DR7
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR7
DR7
50
DR7 is allowed in RX1 for IN865 since version RP2 1.0.0, in previous versions downlink data rate
was limited to DR5 in RX1.
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
Table 98: IN865-867 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
1730
The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are
1731
866.550 MHz / DR2 (SF10, 125 kHz).
1732
2.12.8 IN865-867 Class B beacon and default downlink channel
1733
The beacons are transmitted using the following settings
1734
DR
4
Corresponds to SF8 spreading factor with
125 kHz BW
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal polarity
Non-inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which
uses inverted signal polarity
1735
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
51
1736
The beacon default broadcast frequency is 866.550 MHz.
1737
The class B default downlink pingSlot frequency is 866.550 MHz
1738
2.12.9 IN865-867 Default Settings
1739
There are no specific default settings for the IN 865-867 MHz Band.
1740
51
Prior to LoRaWAN® 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
1
4
2
7
3
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
RFU
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.13 RU864-870 MHz Band
1741
2.13.1 RU864-870 Preamble Format
1742
Please refer to Section 3.0 Physical Layer.
1743
2.13.2 RU864-870 Band Channel Frequencies
1744
The network channels can be freely attributed by the network operator in compliance with the
1745
allowed sub-bands defined by the Russian regulation. However, the two following default
1746
channels SHALL be implemented in every RU864-870 MHz end-device. Those channels are
1747
the minimum set that all network gateways SHALL be listening on.
1748
1749
Modulation
Bandwidth [kHz]
Channel
Frequency [MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
Duty
cycle
LoRa
125
868.9
869.1
DR0 to DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
2
<1%
Table 99: RU864-870 default channels
1750
RU864-870 MHz end-devices SHALL be capable of operating in the 864 to 870 MHz
1751
frequency band and SHALL feature a channel data structure to store the parameters of at
1752
least 16 channels. A channel data structure corresponds to a frequency and a set of data rates
1753
usable on this frequency.
1754
The first two channels correspond to 868.9 and 869.1 MHz / DR0 to DR5 and SHALL be
1755
implemented in every end-device. For devices compliant with TS001-1.0.x, those default
1756
channels SHALL NOT be modified through the NewChannelReq command. For devices
1757
compliant with TS001-1.1.x and beyond, these channels MAY be modified through the
1758
NewChannelReq but SHALL be reset during the backoff procedure defined in TS001-1.1.1
1759
to guarantee a minimal common channel set between end-devices and network gateways.
1760
The following table gives the list of frequencies that SHALL be used by end-devices to
1761
broadcast the Join-Request message. The Join-Request message transmit duty-cycle SHALL
1762
follow the rules described in chapter “Retransmissions back-off” of the LoRaWAN®
1763
specification document.
1764
1765
Modulation
Bandwidth [kHz]
Channel
Frequency
[MHz]
LoRa DR
/ Bitrate
Nb
Channels
LoRa
125
868.9
869.1
DR0 – DR5
/ 0.3-5 kbps
2
Table 100: RU864-870 Join-Request Channel List
1766
2.13.3 RU864-870 Data Rate and End-device Output Power encoding
1767
There is no dwell time limitation for the RU864-870 PHY layer. The TxParamSetupReq MAC
1768
command is not implemented in RU864-870 devices.
1769
The following encoding is used for Data Rate (DR) and End-device EIRP (TXPower) in the
1770
RU864-870 band:
1771
1772
Data Rate
Configuration
Indicative physical
bit rate [bit/s]
0
LoRa: SF12 / 125 kHz
250
1
LoRa: SF11 / 125 kHz
440
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2
LoRa: SF10 / 125 kHz
980
3
LoRa: SF9 / 125 kHz
1760
4
LoRa: SF8 / 125 kHz
3125
5
LoRa: SF7 / 125 kHz
5470
6
LoRa: SF7 / 250 kHz
11000
7
FSK: 50 kbps
50000
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]52
Table 101: RU864-870 TX Data rate table
1773
1774
RU864-870 end-devices SHALL support one of the 2 following data rate options:
1775
1. DR0 to DR5 (minimum set supported for certification)
1776
2. DR0 to DR7
1777
For both of the options all data rates in the range specified SHALL be implemented
1778
(meaning no intermediate DR may be left unimplemented)
1779
1780
When the device is using the Adaptive Data Rate mode and transmits using the DRcurrent
1781
data rate, the following table defines the next data rate (DRnext) the end-device SHALL use
1782
during data rate back-off:
1783
DRcurrent
DRnext
Comment
0
NA
Already the lowest data rate
1
0
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
4
6
5
7
6
Table 102: RU864-870 Data Rate Backoff table
1784
1785
EIRP
53
refers to the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power, which is the radiated output
1786
power referenced to an isotropic antenna radiating power equally in all directions and whose
1787
gain is expressed in dBi.
1788
TXPower
Configuration (EIRP)
0
Max EIRP
1
Max EIRP – 2dB
2
Max EIRP – 4dB
3
Max EIRP – 6dB
4
Max EIRP – 8dB
5
Max EIRP – 10dB
6
Max EIRP – 12dB
7
Max EIRP – 14dB
8..14
RFU
15
Defined in [TS001]52
Table 103: RU864-870 TX power table
1789
1790
52
DR15 and TXPower15 are defined in the LinkADRReq MAC command of the LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 and
subsequent specifications and were previously RFU
53
ERP = EIRP – 2.15dB; it is referenced to a half-wave dipole antenna whose gain is expressed in dBd
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
By default, the Max EIRP is considered to be +16 dBm. If the end-device cannot achieve
1791
+16 dBm EIRP, the Max EIRP SHOULD be communicated to the network server using an
1792
out-of-band channel during the end-device commissioning process.
1793
2.13.4 RU864-870 Join-Accept CFList
1794
The RU864-870 band LoRaWAN® implements an OPTIONAL channel frequency list
1795
(CFlist) of 16 octets in the Join-Accept message.
1796
In this case the CFList is a list of five channel frequencies for the channels two to six whereby
1797
each frequency is encoded as a 24 bits unsigned integer (three octets). All these channels are
1798
usable for DR0 to DR5 125 kHz LoRa modulation. The list of frequencies is followed by a
1799
single CFListType octet for a total of 16 octets. The CFListType SHALL be equal to zero (0)
1800
to indicate that the CFList contains a list of frequencies.
1801
1802
Size
(bytes)
3
3
3
3
3
1
CFList
Freq Ch2
Freq Ch3
Freq Ch4
Freq Ch5
Freq Ch6
CFListType
1803
The actual channel frequency in Hz is 100 x frequency whereby values representing
1804
frequencies below 100 MHz are reserved for future use. This allows setting the frequency of
1805
a channel anywhere between 100 MHz to 1.678 GHz in 100 Hz steps. Unused channels have
1806
a frequency value of 0. The CFList is OPTIONAL and its presence can be detected by the
1807
length of the join-accept message. If present, the CFList replaces all the previous channels
1808
stored in the end-device apart from the two default channels. The newly defined channels are
1809
immediately enabled and usable by the end-device for communication.
1810
2.13.5 RU864-870 LinkAdrReq command
1811
The RU864-870 LoRaWAN® only supports a maximum of 16 channels. When ChMaskCntl
1812
field is 0 the ChMask field individually enables/disables each of the 16 channels.
1813
1814
ChMaskCntl
ChMask applies to
0
Channels 0 to 15
1
RFU
2
RFU
3
RFU
4
RFU
5
RFU
6
All channels ON - The device SHOULD enable all currently defined channels
independently of the ChMask field value.
7
RFU
Table 104: RU864-870 ChMaskCntl value table
1815
If the ChMaskCntl field value is one of values meaning RFU, the end-device SHALL
54
reject
1816
the command and unset the “Channel mask ACK” bit in its response.
1817
2.13.6 RU864-870 Maximum payload size
1818
The maximum MACPayload size length (M) is given by the following table. It is derived from
1819
limitation of the PHY layer depending on the effective modulation rate used taking into account
1820
54
Made SHALL from SHOULD starting in LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters Specification 1.0.3rA
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
a possible repeater encapsulation layer. The maximum application payload length in the
1821
absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field (N) is also given for information only. The value
1822
of N might be smaller if the FOpts field is not empty:
1823
1824
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
230
222
5
230
222
6
230
222
7
230
222
8:15
Not defined
Table 105: RU864-870 maximum payload size (repeater compatible)
1825
If the end-device will never operate with a repeater then the maximum application payload
1826
length in the absence of the OPTIONAL FOpts control field SHOULD be:
1827
1828
Data Rate
M
N
0
59
51
1
59
51
2
59
51
3
123
115
4
250
242
5
250
242
6
250
242
7
250
242
8:15
Not defined
Table 106 : RU864-870 maximum payload size (not repeater compatible)
1829
2.13.7 RU864-870 Receive windows
1830
By default, the RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink. The data
1831
rate is a function of the uplink data rate and the RX1DROffset as given by the following table.
1832
The allowed values for RX1DROffset are in the [0:5] range. Values in the [6:7] range are
1833
reserved for future use.
1834
1835
Upstream data rate
Downstream data rate
RX1DROffset
0
1
2
3
4
5
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR1
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR2
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR3
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR0
DR4
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR0
DR5
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
DR6
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR7
DR7
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
Table 107: RU864-870 downlink RX1 data rate mapping
1836
1837
The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are
1838
869.1 MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)
1839
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2.13.8 RU864-870 Class B beacon and default downlink channel
1840
The beacons SHALL be transmitted using the following settings
1841
DR
3
Corresponds to SF9 spreading factor with 125 kHz BW
CR
1
Coding rate = 4/5
Signal
polarity
Non-
inverted
As opposed to normal downlink traffic which uses inverted signal
polarity
Table 108: RU864-870 beacon settings
1842
1843
The beacon frame content is defined in [TS001].
55
The beacon default broadcast frequency is
1844
869.1 MHz.
1845
The class B default downlink pingSlot frequency is 868.9 MHz.
1846
2.13.9 RU864-870 Default Settings
1847
There are no specific default settings for the RU864-870 MHz Band.
1848
55
Prior to LoRaWAN 1.0.4, the beacon was defined here as:
Size (bytes)
2
4
2
7
2
BCNPayload
RFU
Time
CRC
GwSpecific
CRC
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
3 Repeaters
1849
Repeaters have not yet been specified by the LoRa Alliance; however, the Regional
1850
Parameters specification does include references to repeaters and constraints which end-
1851
devices should follow to be compliant with them.
1852
3.1 Repeater Compatible Maximum Payload Size
1853
Repeaters, as referenced in this specification, were intended to fully encapsulate a
1854
MACPayload in the ApplicationPayload of another LoRaWAN® data message. In addition to
1855
the original MACPayload, up to 20 bytes of meta-data describing the original message were
1856
envisioned to be included with the encapsulated data message. In order to minimize impact
1857
on the end-device and its application, repeaters would communicate with the network
1858
(gateways) using only data rates that supported the maximum allowed MAC Payload Size of
1859
250 bytes. Thus, these data rates show a maximum payload size which is 20 bytes fewer
1860
when describing “Repeater Compatible” operation.
1861
1862
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1863
4 Physical layer
1864
The LoRaWAN® uses a physical layer to communicate with other devices. Thee physical
1865
layers are currently supported through the LoRa™, LR-FHSS and FSK modulations.
1866
4.1 LoRa™ description
1867
4.1.1 LoRa™ packet physical structure
1868
LoRa™ messages use the radio packet explicit header mode in which the LoRaTM physical
1869
header (PHDR) plus a header CRC (PHDR_CRC) are included.
56
In explicit header mode the
1870
PHDR specifies: the payload length in bytes, the forward error correction rate, and the
1871
presence of an OPTIONAL CRC for the payload. The integrity of the payload is protected by
1872
a CRC for uplink messages. LoRaWAN® beacons are transmitted using LoRa™ modulation
1873
in implicit header mode with a fixed length. In implicit header mode neither the PHDR nor
1874
PHDR_CRC are present.
1875
The PHDR, PHDR_CRC and payload CRC fields are inserted by the radio transceiver.
1876
PHY:
1877
Size
8 Symbols
4.25 Symbols
8 Symbols
L bytes (from PHDR)
2 Bytes
Packet Structure
Preamble
Synchronization Word
PHDR
PHDR_CRC
PHYPayload
CRC (uplink only)
Figure 3: LoRa PHY structure
1878
4.1.2 LoRa™ settings
1879
In order to be fully compliant with LoRaWAN®, an end device SHALL configure the LoRa™
1880
physical layer as follows:
1881
1882
Parameter
Uplink value
Downlink value
Preamble size
8 symbols
SyncWord
0x34 (Public)
Header type
Explicit
CRC presence
True
False
Coding Rate
4/5
Spreading Factor
Defined by the data rate, specified in each region
Bandwidth
IQ polarization
Not-inverted
Inverted
Table 109 : LoRa physical layer settings
1883
4.2 FSK description
1884
4.2.1 FSK packet physical structure
1885
FSK messages can be built either by the software stack or by the hardware transceiver,
1886
depending on the end-device architecture.
1887
The PHYPayload length field contains the length in bytes of the PHYPayload field.
1888
The CRC field is computed on PHYPayload length and PHYPayload fields, using the CRC-
1889
CCITT algorithm.
1890
56
See the LoRa radio transceiver datasheet for a description of LoRa radio packet implicit/explicit
modes.
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
PHY:
1891
1892
Size (bytes)
5
3
1
L bytes from
PHYPayloadLength
2
Packet Structure
Preamble
SyncWord
PHYPayloadLength
PHYPayload
CRC
Figure 4: FSK PHY structure
1893
4.2.2 FSK settings
1894
In order to be fully compliant with LoRaWAN®, an end device SHALL configure the FSK
1895
physical layer as follows:
1896
1897
Parameter
Uplink value
Downlink value
Preamble size
5 bytes
SyncWord
0xC194C1
Bitrate
50000 bit/sec
Tx frequency deviation
25 kHz (SSB57)
Rx bandwidth
50 kHz (SSB)
Rx bandwidth AFC
80 kHz (SSB)
CRC presence
True (CRC-16-CCITT)
Gaussian filter
BT = 1,0
DC Free Encoding
Whitening Encoding
Table 110 : FSK physical layer settings
1898
1899
To avoid a non-uniform power distribution signal with the FSK modulation, a Data Whitening
1900
DC-Free data mechanism is used as shown in the above table.
1901
4.3 LR-FHSS description
1902
The Long Range Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (LR-FHSS) modulation is only used
1903
on the uplink.
1904
4.3.1 LR-FHSS physical layer description
1905
1906
LR-FHSS is a fast frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) modulation with bit rates
1907
ranging from 162bits/s to 325bits/s.
1908
1909
When a device transmits a packet using LR-FHSS on a given channel, the packet content is
1910
modulated across several pseudo-random frequencies than span the interval:
1911
 
1912
1913
For FCC 47 CFR Part 15 compliance, the end-device frequency hops across 60 physical
1914
channels on a 25.4 kHz frequency grid.
1915
For ETSI based countries, the end-device frequency hops across 35 or 86 physical channels
1916
on a 3.9 kHz frequency grid.
1917
All physical channels are statistically used equally.
1918
1919
The transmission starts on a random frequency inside the interval, and the following
1920
frequency hopping pattern is also randomly selected and announced in the LR-FHSS packet
1921
physical header. The transmission carrier frequency changes every 102.4 mSec for each
1922
payload fragment, and 233.472 mSec for each PHY header.
1923
57
SSB : Single Side Bandwidth
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1924
The instantaneous LR-FHSS modulation bandwidth is 488 Hz. Therefore, a single LR-FHSS
1925
channel actually corresponds to lots of physical frequency channels.
1926
1927
The LR-FHSS frequency hopping bandwidth is region specific.
1928
1929
The LR-FHSS physical layer is described in the following table:
1930
1931
LR-FHSS
Frequency
Hopping
BW (all
hops)
LR-
FHSS
BW of a
single
hop
Minimum
separation
between LR-
FHSS hopping
channels (grid)
Nb of physical
channels usable
for frequency
hopping per
end-device
transmission
Nb of
physical
channels
available for
frequency
hopping
Coding
Rate
Physical
bit rate
137 kHz
488 Hz
3.9 kHz
35
280 (8x35)
1/3
162bits/s
2/3
325bits/s
336 kHz
488 Hz
3.9 kHz
86
688 (8x86)
1/3
162bits/s
2/3
325bits/s
1.523 MHz
488 Hz
25.4 kHz
60
3120 (52x60)
1/3
162bits/s
2/3
325bits/s
Table 111 : LR-FHSS physical layer description
1932
1933
4.3.2 LR-FHSS packet physical structure
1934
1935
LR-FHSS uses redundant physical headers on different frequencies to improve the
1936
modulation robustness to in-band interferers. The number (N) of PHY headers is selectable
1937
on a packet per packet basis in the range 1 to 4.
1938
1939
A LR-FHSS packet has the following structure:
1940
1941
Repeated
N (1 to 4) times on different frequencies
once
Size
114 bits with convolutional coding rate ½ on
(PHDR + PHRD_CRC), 2bits preamble and
interleaving
L Bytes (from PHDR)
2 Bytes
4 Bytes
4 Bytes
1 Byte
Packet Structure
SyncWord
PHDR
PHDR_CRC
PHYPayload
CRC
Figure 5: LR-FHSS Packet Structure
1942
1943
A LR-FHSS packet time-on-air can be computed using the following table:
1944
1945
PHY header
Payload + CRC
FEC
Conv ½
Conv 1/3 or 2/3
Bits per hop
114
16 info bits (CR=1/3)
32 (CR=2/3)
Time on air
N* 233.472 mSec
Ceil((L+3)/2)*102.4 msec (CR=1/3)
ceil((L+3)/4)*102.4 msec (2/3)
Figure 6 : LR-FHSS time-on-air
1946
4.3.3 LR-FHSS PHY layer settings
1947
1948
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
In order to be fully compliant with LoRaWAN®, an end device SHALL configure the LR-
1949
FHSS physical header as follows:
1950
1951
Parameter
Uplink value
PHY header
(SyncWord, PHDR,
PHDR_CRC) repetition
(N)
N=4: NOT USED
N=3 when CR1/3 is used by the Payload
N=2 when CR2/3 is used by the Payload
N=1: NOT USED
SyncWord
0x2C0F7995
Payload CRC
Enabled
Data Rate
Specified in each region
Coding Rate
1/3 or 2/3 -
Defined by the DR, specified in each region
Frequency Hopping
Grid
25.4 kHz in FCC like regions
3.9 kHz in other regions
Defined by the DR, specified in each region
Frequency hopping
Bandwidth (OCW)
137 kHz, 336 kHz or 1.523 MHz
Defined by the DR, specified in each region
Channel/hopping
sequence
Randomly selected for each transmission
Table 112 : LR-FHSS physical layer settings
1952
1953
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
1954
5 Revisions
1955
5.1 Revision RP002-1.0.3
1956
• Add AS923-4 to cover 917-920 MHz (Israel)
1957
• Add a clarifying note regarding DR6/DR7 for AS923/IN865
1958
• LR-FHSS clarifications
1959
5.2 Revision RP002-1.0.2
1960
• Added a summary table of the regional parameter for all regions except for CN470.
1961
• “Repeater Compatible” rationale is described (Section 3) and US902-928, AU915-
1962
928 and CN470-520 maximum payload sizes for “repeater compatible” operation
1963
were amended (relaxed) for data rates which do not support encapsulation (this
1964
brings them into harmony with all other regions).
1965
• LR-FHSS data rates added to EU868, US915, AU915. Data rate backoff progression
1966
explicitly documented for all regions. Data rate support requirements clarified for all
1967
regions.
1968
• Align the language and descriptions of AS923 Maximum payload size section with
1969
that of all the other regions.
1970
• Added language to all regions to align with new applications of NewChannelReq
1971
commands as of TS001-1.1.1.
1972
• RU864-870 amended to indicate that 16 channels SHALL be supported. This was
1973
believed to have been an editorial oversight.
1974
• Senegal (EU868), Montserrat (AU915), Mali (EU433), Guinea (EU433), Senegal
1975
(EU868), Syria (EU433, EU868, AS923-3) and Vanuatu (IN865 & AS923-3) added to
1976
cross-reference table
1977
• Israel and Morocco cross-reference table entries modified
1978
• Added a Channel Index ID to the Channel Plan Common Name Table
1979
• Added AS923-1,-2,-3 to the Channel Plan Common Name Table
1980
• Defined CLASS_B_RESP_TIMEOUT and CLASS_C_RESP_TIMEOUT (used in
1981
TS001-1.0.4 and later)
1982
5.3 Revision RP002-1.0.1
1983
• AS923 modified to support multiple groups of default/join channels. Each
1984
country/band supports a specific configuration based on an offset from the original
1985
AS923 default/join channels. Country summary table updated to indicate support.
1986
• Cuba, Indonesia, Philippines, and Viet Nam channel plan use defined.
1987
• Israel support for EU433 and AS923-3 were backed out as Israel MoC has
1988
deprecated their use for LoRaWAN® as of November 2019. A new 900 MHz band is
1989
under discussion with the MoC.
1990
• Maximum Payload Size for AS923, Data Rate 2 was increased from 59 to 123 for
1991
UplinkDwellTime = 0 and DownlinkDwellTime = 0.
1992
• CN470-510 modified to reflect most recent regulatory requirements. Specifically,
1993
SF12 is no longer available and maximum payload sizes for several other data rates
1994
were modified to comply with the 1 second dwell time. Further, a 500 kHz LoRa data
1995
rate and an FSK data rate were added.
1996
• For dynamic channel plan regions, clarified that it is only by default that the RX1
1997
frequency is the same as the uplink frequency.
1998
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
5.4 Revision RP002-1.0.0
1999
• Initial RP002-1.0.0 revision, the regional parameters were extracted from the
2000
released LoRaWAN® v1.1 Regional Parameters
2001
• Added statement in Section 1 regarding non-authoritative source for regional
2002
regulatory information
2003
• Added Section 2.2 RegParamsRevision common names table
2004
• Added Regulatory Type Approval to quick reference table in Section 1
2005
• Added Section 3 (changing this section to section 4) to incorporate changes from CR
2006
00010.001.CR_add_physical_layer_description_Kerlink.docx of the TC21 meeting.
2007
• Clarified Physical Header Explicit Mode (section 3.1)
2008
• Require end-devices in AS923 to accept MaxPayload size downlinks as defined for
2009
DownlinkDwellTime=0, regardless of its actual configuration.
2010
• Fixed several maxpayload tables when operating in “repeater compatible” mode, no
2011
MACPayload (M) may be larger than 230 bytes, regardless of dwell-time limitations
2012
• Updated and clarified section 3, Physical Layer
2013
• Normative language cleanup
2014
• Removed Beacon format definition and referred back to LoRaWAN® specification
2015
• Fixed the footnote for the US plan in section 2.5.3
2016
• Added notes concerning the use of ARIB STD-T108 for AS923 end-devices in
2017
section 2.10.2
2018
• Migrated the CN470-510 channel plan from the RP 1.2rA draft
2019
• Clarified the wording of the footnotes regarding ChMaskCntl
2020
• Made AS923 use consistent in section 2.10
2021
• Changed SHOULD to SHALL in section 2.6.2
2022
• Changed footnote references to 1.0.2rC to 1.0.3rA
2023
• Changed table reference from 1.0.2rC to 1.0.2rB
2024
• Changed CN779 duty cycle from 0.1% to 1% as per Regional Regulation Summary
2025
• Reduced number of default channels for CN779 plan to 3 to make consistent with
2026
other plans
2027
• Changed RX1DROffset tables in sections 2.10.7 and 2.12.7 to be direct lookup
2028
tables.
2029
• Clarified/fixed errors in sections 2.10.7 and 2.12.7
2030
• Added default parameter definitions for Class B (referenced in LW)
2031
• Modified as per CR ACK_TIMEOUT / RETRANSMIT_TIMEOUT
2032
• Modified suggest New Zealand channel plan from EU868 to IN865
2033
• Modified Bangladesh and Pakistan channel plans from EU868 to IN865
2034
• Modified Singapore channel plan from EU868 to “Other”
2035
• Updated Burma (Myanmar) channel plans from EU868 to “Other” and “Other” to
2036
AS923
2037
• Corrected typo error in channel plan for India Added and updated channel plans for
2038
Sri Lanka, Bhutan and Papua New Guinea,
2039
• Updated Middle East country suggested channel plan
2040
• Added channel plans for Samoa, Tonga and Vanuatu
2041
• Updated Bahrain and Kuwait channel plans
2042
• Corrected Qatar frequency range for EU868
2043
• Updated channel plans for UAE: 870-875.8 MHz band can be used withEU868
2044
channel plan
2045
• Corrected frequency range for Lebanon from 862-870 MHz to 863-87 MHz
2046
• Updated Africa priority one country suggested channel plan
2047
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
• Added channel plans for the following African countries: Botswana, Burundi, Cabo
2048
Verde, Cameroon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Niger, Rwanda, Tanzania,
2049
Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe
2050
• Corrected frequency range for Morocco from 867.6-869MHz to 868-869.65MHz
2051
• Updated frequency range for Tunisia (863-868MHz added)
2052
• Added EU433 for Nigeria and corrected frequency range from 863-870 to 868-
2053
870MHz
2054
• Added IN865 channel plan for Uganda
2055
• Updated Belarus and Ukraine channel plans (EU863-870 can be used)
2056
• Added EU433 channel plan for Costa Rica
2057
• Added channel plans for Suriname
2058
• Added or corrected bands for Albania, Denmark, Estonia, Hungary, Ireland,
2059
Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia,
2060
Switzerland, UK: 918-921MHz changed to 915-918MHz!
2061
• Added channel plans for Trinidad and Tobago, Bahamas
2062
• Added channel plans for Aland Islands, Holy See, Monaco and San Marino
2063
• Fixed the AU entry in the Quick Reference Table
2064
• Italicized countries in the country table to highlight those whose regulations may be
2065
changing soon.
2066
• Finalized initial Regulatory Type Approval column with information based on LA
2067
survey of certified end device manufacturers.
2068
• Italicized Indonesia due to possible changes to regulatory environment there
2069
• Addressed inconsistencies in CN470
2070
2071
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
2072
6 Bibliography
2073
6.1 References
2074
2075
[TS001] LoRaWAN® MAC Layer Specification, v1.0 through V1.1, the LoRa Alliance.
2076
[EN300.220-2] Short Range Devices (SRD) operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to
2077
1 000 MHz; Part 2: Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum for non specific radio
2078
equipment, V.3.2.1, ETSI
2079
RP002-1.0.3 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters
©2021 LoRa Alliance ®
The authors reserve the right to change
specifications without notice.
7 NOTICE OF USE AND DISCLOSURE
2080
Copyright © LoRa Alliance, Inc. (2021). All Rights Reserved.
2081
The information within this document is the property of the LoRa Alliance (“The Alliance”) and its use and disclosure
2082
are subject to LoRa Alliance Corporate Bylaws, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy and Membership
2083
Agreements.
2084
Elements of LoRa Alliance specifications may be subject to third party intellectual property rights, including without
2085
limitation, patent, copyright or trademark rights (such a third party may or may not be a member of LoRa Alliance).
2086
The Alliance is not responsible and shall not be held responsible in any manner for identifying or failing to identify
2087
any or all such third party intellectual property rights.
2088
This document and the information contained herein are provided on an “AS IS” basis and THE ALLIANCE
2089
DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO (A) ANY
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WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OF THIRD
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PARTIES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INCLUDING
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MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE OR NONINFRINGEMENT.
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IN NO EVENT WILL THE ALLIANCE BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS
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OF USE OF DATA, INTERRUPTION OFBUSINESS, OR FOR ANY OTHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR
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EXEMPLARY, INCIDENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, IN CONTRACT OR
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IN TORT, IN CONNECTION WITH THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, EVEN IF
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ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGE.
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The above notice and this paragraph must be included on all copies of this document that are made.
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Note: All Company, brand and product names may be trademarks that are the sole property of their respective
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